摘要
目的了解成都市两监测点大气PM2.5污染及其离子成分对儿童肺功能的影响。方法于2014-2016年随机整群抽取高新区和彭州市两所小学共953人,在重污染天气发生前后进行肺功能测定,并于监测点小学内采集PM2.5样品473份,对PM2.5浓度及其无机水溶性非金属离子浓度测定。结果两监测点大气PM2.5日均浓度有72.3%超过国家二级标准(75μg/m^3),彭州市PM2.5日均浓度高于高新区,彭州市儿童肺功能总体水平低于高新区,重污染天气发生后的两地区儿童肺功能指标均低于重污染发生前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);多因素线性回归分析发现,男生肺功能指标主要受PM2.5影响(β值为-0.024^-0.006,P<0.05),女生肺功能指标主要受SO4^2-、Cl^-影响,其中Cl^-对PEF(β=-0.830,P<0.01)和FEF25(β=-0.709,P<0.01)的影响最明显。结论成都市两监测点存在大气PM2.5污染,短期内儿童肺功能指标降低可能与发生重污染天气有关,尤其是女生小气道功能更易受到空气污染的影响。
Objective To analyze the PM2.5 pollution and its components situation of two monitoring points in Chengdu and investigate their effects on children's lung function. Methods From 2014 to 2016,a total of 953 students were randomly selected from two primary schools in High-tech Area and Pengzhou district of Chengdu for lung function test,all 473 samples of PM2.5 were collected in target primary schools for determination of inorganic and water-soluble nonmetal ions before and after heavy air pollution. Results 72.3% of the average daily concentration of PM2.5 of the two monitoring points exceeded the standard limit of Grade Ⅱ ruled by Ambient Air Quality Standards(GB 3095-2012),the 3-year average concentration of PM2.5 in Pengzhou city monitoring site was higher than that of in the High-tech Area,at the same time,the overall level of children's lung function in Pengzhou city was lower than that of children in the High-tech Area. A comparison of their own pairs showed that the lung function indicators of children in both places decreased after heavy air pollution(P 0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the decrease of lung function in boys was mainly affected by PM2.5(β=-0.024--0.006,P<0.05),and in girls,the effect SO4^2-,NO2^2- and Cl^- was significant,among them,the effect of Cl^- was most significant on PEF(β=-0.830,P<0.01) and FEF25(β=-0.709,P<0.01). Conclusion Air pollution by PM2.5 is found in two investigated monitoring points.Heavy air pollution may have short-term effects on lung function in children,especially the small airway function of girls.
作者
杨皓
高绪芳
鞠勇
罗洪林
李明川
杨世烈
YANG Hao;GAO Xu-fang;JU Yong;LUO Hong-lin;LI Ming-chuan;YANG Shi-lie(Department of Environment and School Hygiene, Chengdu Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China)
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第12期1051-1054,共4页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
四川省卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题(18ZD047)
