摘要
目的分析阆中市近年来乙肝的发病趋势及流行病学特征,为制定乙肝防控策略提供依据。方法从中国疾病预防控制信息系统收集2007-2016年阆中市乙肝报告发病数,并对该数据进行描述性流行病学分析。结果 2007-2016年阆中市累计报告乙肝6 652例,年均发病率为76.27/10万,其中2007年乙肝报告发病率最高,为198.1/10万,2014年发病率最低,为33.57/10万,但2015年发病率有所回升,疫情有所波动。总体来看,10年间乙肝发病率呈现下降趋势(χ~2=1 357.59,P<0.01);男性发病率高于女性,男女性别比为1.75∶1;各年报告新发乙肝病例中主要以成人为主,特别是15~64岁年龄段,15岁以下的发病数逐年降低;职业分布中主要以农民、商业服务、学生、家务及待业、工人为主,其中农民、家务及待业所占的比例呈上升趋势,学生所占比例逐年下降。结论虽然阆中市乙肝疫情有所下降,但各年发病仍然有所波动,疫情还未控制稳定,应加大防控力度,以进一步减少乙肝发病。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trend of hepatitis B in Langzhong city in recent years, so as to provide basis for the prevention and control strategy of hepatitis B. Methods The re- lated information of hepatitis B cases in Langzhong city from 2008 to 2016 was collected in the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System, and was analyzed by using the descriptive epidemiology method. Results In Langzhong, a total of 6 652 cases of hepatitis B were reported from 2007 to 2016, with the average incidence rate about 76. 27/10^5, and the highest incidence which was 198. 1/105 of hepatitis B were reported in 2007. The lowest incidence rate which was 33.57/10^5 of hepatitis B were reported in 2014, but the incidence rate rose in 2015. So the epidemic has fluctuated. On the whole, hepatitis B showed an decreasing trend （X^2 = 1357.59, P 〈0. 01 ）. The incidence of male was higher than female, and the sex ratio was 1.75： 1. The re- ported cases of hepatitis B mainly distributed in adults, especially in the age of 15 -64 years old, The inci- dence of the cases under the age of 15 decreased year by year, In terms of the distribution of occupation, the ca- ses of hepatitis B were mainly farmers, business services, students, house workers and unemployment, and the proportion of farmers, house worker and unemployment rose and the proportion of students decreased year by year. Conclusion Although the hepatitis B epidemic situation has declined in Langzhong, the incidence of the disease has fluctuated during the past few years. The epidemic situation has not been stabilized yet, and the prevention and control should be further reduce the incidence of hepatitis.
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
2017年第6期325-329,共5页
Occupational Health and Damage
关键词
乙肝
流行趋势
防控措施
hepatitis B
epidemiological trend
pre-vention and treatment measures
