摘要
核酸适配体是经体外筛选技术得到的能够特异性结合靶物质的由十几个或几十个核苷酸组成的寡聚核苷酸片段。适配体分子质量较小、易于体外合成和修饰、化学稳定性好,且不依赖于生物体或细胞环境,具有空间结构多样和靶标分子广泛的特点,对包括金属离子、有机小分子、生物分子,甚至细胞和微生物在内的各类靶物质具有特异性识别作用,被誉为"化学抗体"。本文综述了核酸适配体的特点及其筛选方法,列举了核酸适配体在肉制品非法添加物、金属离子、病原微生物以及生物毒素检测中的应用,并对其应用前景进行了展望。
Nucleic acid aptamers are oligonucleotide fragments consisting of more than a dozen or dozens of nucleotides that are capable of specifically binding to a target substance obtained by in vitro screening techniques. Aptamers are small molecules and are easily synthesized and modified in vitro. The chemical stability of aptamers is good and does not depend on the biological or cellular environment. Aptamers, also known as “chemical antibodies”, have the characteristics of diverse spatial structure and a wide range of target molecules and specifically recognize metal ions, organic small molecules, biological molecules, and even cells and microorganisms. This paper summarizes the recent literature regarding the binding characteristics of aptamers ligand and the existing methods for screening aptamers, and outlines the applications of aptamers in the detection of illegal additives, metal ions, pathogenic microorganisms and biological toxins in meat products. The prospects for future applications of aptamers are discussed as well.
出处
《肉类研究》
北大核心
2017年第9期78-82,共5页
Meat Research
基金
科技部公益性行业科研专项(201510208-08)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31401584)
河北省食品药品监督管理局科技计划项目(QN2015002)
国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项(2012YQ03011110)
关键词
肉制品
核酸适配体
配体指数富集系统进化技术
制备
分析
应用
meat products nucleic acid aptamers systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment （SELEX） preparation analysis application
