摘要
为获得最佳整车经济性能,在纯电动汽车传动系统速比静态优化的基础上,针对其未对不同速比采用相应的换挡规律的不足,基于换挡点判断规则,提出一种考虑换挡规律变化的传动系统速比动态优化方法;基于轻量化设计原则,提出一种传动系统各挡速比值总和最小的目标函数,采用能避免局部收敛的小生境多目标粒子群算法对目标函数进行ISIGHT-MATLAB/Simulink联合仿真优化。优化结果(包括静态和动态)取得一定的效果:与未考虑换挡规律的优化相比,在不同情况下,整车能耗减少了1.09%~1.35%,传动比值总和降低了8.06%~9.76%;但0-100km/h加速时间增加了1.90%~2.11%,可能与优化目标函数的加权仍偏重于经济性有关。与考虑静态换挡规律优化相比,考虑动态换挡规律优化的结果,传动比值总和的降幅增加了0.95%~1.70%,但整车能耗与考虑静态换挡规律优化结果基本持平,未显示出针对不同传动比采用不同换挡规律进行优化的预期效果,其原因尚待今后进一步深入探究。
In order to achieve the best vehicle economy performance,on the basis of static opt imization on the speed ratio of transmission in a pure elec tr ic vehicle and in view of its defect of with ou t adopting corresponding gear-shift schedules for dif ferent speed rat io,a dynamic opt imization scheme on transmission speed rat io w i th consid-eration of changing gear-shift schedules is proposed based on shift in g point judgment ru le . A n objective fun c t io n of minimizing the sum of al l speed ratios of transmission is also put forward based on l ightwe ig ht design p r in c ip le . Then an ISIGHT -MATLAB/Simulink co-simulation is conducted on objective functions by adopting niche m u lt i-o b je c t ive particle swarm opt imization （NMOPSO） a lg o r ithm,w h ich can avoid local convergence. The results of optimizations （both static and dynamic） achieve certain e f fe c ts： compared w i th the opt imization with ou t considering gear-shift schedules,the energy consumption of vehicle reduces by 1.09% ？1.35%,the sum of speed ratios lowers by 8. 06% ？9. 76%,but 0-100km/h acceleration t ime increases by 1. 90 % ？2. 11%,probably because the weight ing of objective function st i l l preferring on fu e l economy. Compared w i th the opt imization considering static gear-shift schedules,with dynamic opt imizat ion, the reduct ion percentage of the sum of speed ratios increases by 0. 95 % ？ 1.7%,but the energy consumption of vehicle is basically maintained the same as that w i th static o p t im iz a t io n,not showing the expected effects of adopting d iffe re nt gear-shift schedules fo r d iffe re nt speed ratios in op t imiza tion. This requests further in-depth exploration in subsequent research.
出处
《汽车工程》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期1167-1175,共9页
Automotive Engineering
基金
国家国际科技合作专项(2014DFG70840)资助
关键词
电动汽车
速比动态优化
小生境多目标粒子群算法
传动系统轻量化设计
electric vehicles
dy namic o p t imiz a t io n f o r speed r a t io
n ic h e m u l t i -o b je c t iv e p a r t ic le swarm opt imizat ion
l ightweight de s ig n o f t ra n sm is s io n
