摘要
目的 探讨居家失能老人照顾者赋权能力现状及其影响因素.方法 采用便利抽样法,选取某三甲医院老年科门诊就诊的344名老年人及其家庭照顾者进行问卷调查.对其一般情况、自我效能、社会支持、健康决策、老年人一般情况、日常生活能力等采用一般资料调查表、主要照顾者赋权能力量表、照顾者自我效能量表、日常生活活动能力量表、Lawton工具性日常活动能力量表、领悟社会支持量表、老年人决策期望量表进行调查,对赋权能力影响因素进行单因素及多元逐步回归分析.结果 居家失能老人照顾者赋权能力得分为（154.06±15.60）分,得分最高的维度是＂对结果的期待＂（21.59±2.89）分,而得分最低的维度是＂照顾的知识和技术＂（8.46±2.35）分.多元逐步回归分析表明,老年人的家庭月收入、照顾者自我效能、社会支持是赋权能力的影响因素（β＇值分别为0.22、0.29、0.21;P〈0.05）.结论 社区及养老机构可以健康赋权理论为架构,为照顾者提供更多的资源及社会支持,从提高照顾者的自我效能出发,开发照顾者的培训课程;另外,对于家庭经济水平低的失能老人应给予重点关注.
Objective To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of caregivers＇ empowerment ability to home disabled elderly.Methods A total of 344 home caregivers to elderly treated in Department of Geriatrics in a certain level-III Class A hospital were selected by convenience sampling and surveyed by a questionnaire on general information, a main caregiver empowerment measurement scale, a caregivers＇ self-efficacy scale, an activities daily living scale, an instrumental activities of daily living scale by Lawton, a perceived social support scale, and a scale on decision expectation of the elderly, about the caregivers＇ general information, self-efficacy, social support, health decision, and general information and daily living abilities of the elderly. Factors influencing empowerment ability were determined by single factor analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis.Results Scores of caregivers＇ empowerment ability to home disabled elderly were （154.06±15.60） points, with the highest going to the dimension of ＂expectation to the results＂ （21.59±2.89） and the lowest going to the dimension of ＂knowledge and skill on the care＂（8.46±2.35）. It was shown in multiple stepwise regression analysis that factors influencing empowerment ability included monthly family income of the elderly, self-efficacy of the caregiver and social support （P〈0.05）.Conclusions With health empowerment theory as the framework, communities and nursing institutions for the aged should provide caregivers with more resources and social support, by developing training courses for them from the perspective of improving the caregivers＇ self-efficacy. Besides, the disabled elderly with low income should be paid close attention to.
作者
刘薇
郭爱敏
Liu Wei Guo Aimin(School of Nursing, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China)
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2017年第20期2619-2623,共5页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
关键词
失能老人
照顾者
赋权能力
影响因素
Disabled elderly
Caregivers
Empowerment ability
Influencing factors
