摘要
"分类"反映出人们对事物的认识程度与认识标准,是看待事物的视角与态度,理解事物的深度与广度。一代有一代之思潮,刘向、刘歆、班固当时《汉书·艺文志·诗赋略》类辑"歌诗"与"赋"必定是胸有伦次,本文以班固《汉书·艺文志·诗赋略》与《两都赋序》为基础,比次条理,管括机要,本根推原,再与先秦《诗经》风、雅、颂分类参互考寻,爬梳剔抉,远览深思,探究《汉书·艺文志·诗赋略》"歌诗"与"赋"分类之立意发想,最后证得班固《汉志·诗赋略》关于"歌诗"、"赋"之类分判准,并不在于传播方式之"歌"或"不歌而诵",也不在于"文艺形式"之铺陈、铺排、铺张扬厉或铺彩摛文,而是对于古圣王典制之追摹;"歌诗"远绍古圣王采诗以观风俗,知得失之政治典制,是承继《诗经》"国风"编定之理念;"赋"远绍古圣王,公卿列士献诗讽谏以补察时政之典制,或美或刺,是承继《诗经》"雅""颂"编定之精神,此亦班固所以言"赋者,古诗之流也"之核心义涵。
Classification reflects the the degree and standard of understanding to things.It is the angle and attitude to value things and reflects the depth and width of understanding things.There are different ideological trends in different dynasties.LIU Xiang,LIU Xin and Ban Gu had reasonable justification of the classification of Fu and Song Poetry in Poetical Category of Han Shu:Yi Wen Zhi.This thesis bases on BAN Gu’s Poetical Category of Han Shu:Yi Wen Zhi and Liang Du Xu Fu to research and study then compare with The Book of Songs,finally finds out the standard of classification of Fu and Song Poetry.This standard doesn’t lie on the mode of transmission or literary and artistic form.It is the modeling to ancient laws and regulations of sage kings.Song poetry inherits Guo Feng in The Book of Songs which is collected from citizens and can know the advantages and disadvantages of politics.Fu inherits Ya and Song in The Book of Songs which is created by officials aiming to supervise politic system.This is exactly the meaning of BAN Gu’s words.He said Fu developed from ancient poetry.
出处
《济南大学学报（社会科学版）》
2017年第5期61-72,共12页
Journal of University of Jinan:Social Science Edition
