摘要
目的 了解驾驶人员的路怒情绪与驾驶风格及攻击性驾驶行为之间的相关性。方法 2015年6—8月,采用方便抽样法抽取河北省沧州、唐山等市313名驾驶人员,使用多维度驾驶风格量表、驾驶人愤怒表达量表及驾驶风格量表进行调查。结果 在驾驶风格因子中的冒险型、愤怒型和焦虑型方面,女性驾驶人员得分分别为（18.89±6.08）、（14.27±4.58）和（30.01±9.78）分,均低于男性驾驶员的（20.57±4.94）、（16.88±4.66）、（32.78±7.23）分,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;〈2年驾龄的驾驶人员攻击行为的驾驶空间占用、获得领先和人际攻击维度的得分高于驾龄〉5年的驾驶人员;2~5年驾龄的驾驶人员攻击行为的无视他人和驾驶空间占用、获得领先、人际攻击维度的得分均高于驾龄〉5年的驾驶人员（P〈0.05）;职业与非职业驾驶人员在愤怒情绪的操作强度、操作频率、言语攻击、对车发泄、自我调节维度得分差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.01）;私家小汽车驾驶人员在愤怒情绪的操作强度、操作频率、言语攻击和对车发泄因子上的得分显著低于其他车型驾驶人员的得分（均P〈0.01）;驾驶风格的冒险型和焦虑型因子与驾驶愤怒情绪各因子（P〈0.01）及攻击性驾驶行为各因子（P〈0.05）呈显著正相关;驾驶风格的愤怒型因子与驾驶愤怒情绪的操作强度、操作频率、言语攻击和自我调节呈显著正相关（P〈0.01）,同时和攻击行为的无视他人、驾驶空间占用、快速前进和获得领先因子呈正相关（P〈0.05）;焦虑型驾驶风格对攻击性驾驶行为有预测作用（β=1.830,P〈0.001）。结论 驾驶人员的愤怒情绪与驾驶风格受性别、驾龄、驾驶车型及是否为职业驾驶员等因素的影响;驾驶人员在驾驶风格量表中得分越高,驾驶人员的愤怒情绪表现越强烈,在驾驶中越易出现攻击性驾驶行为。
Objective To explore correlations between road rage, driving style and aggressive driving behaviors in drivers. Methods A self-filled questionnaire survey was conducted among 313 drivers （196 males and 117 females） aged 18 years or above selected with convenience sampling in 3 cities of Hebei province in June 2015. Multi-dimension Driving Style Scale, Anger Expression Scale, and Driving Style Scale were adopted in the study. Results The female drivers showed significantly lower scores for risky driving （ 18.89 ± 6. 08 vs. 20. 57 ± 4. 94 ）, angry driving （ 14. 27±4. 58 vs. 16. 88 ±4. 66） ,and anxious driving （30. 01±9. 78 vs. 32. 78 ±7. 23） （P 〈0. 01 for all）. The drivers with the driving experience of less than 2 years and 2 - 5 years had significantly higher dimensional scores of aggressive driving behaviors （neglecting others, occupying driving space, having unnecessary overtaking, and conducting personal assailment） than the drivers with the driving experience of more than 5 years （P 〈 0. 05 for all）. There were significant differences in dimensional scores of angry driving （behavior intensity, behavior frequency, verbal aggression,venting to car, and self-adjustment）between the professional drivers and non-professional drivers （P 〈 0. 01 for all）. The private car drivers had significantly lower dimensional scores for angry driving （behavior intensity, behavior frequency, verbal aggression, and venting to car）than the drivers of other kinds of motor vehicles （P 〈 0. 01 for all）. Significantly positive correlations were observed between risky driving, anxious driving and dimensional factors of angry emotion （P 〈 0. 01 for all） and dimensional factors of aggressive driving behavior （P 〈 0. 05 for all） ; angry driving was positively correlated to dimensional factors of angry driving （behavior intensity, behavior frequency, verbal aggression, and self-adjustment） and dimensional factors of aggressive driving （neglecting others, occupying driving space, fast driving, and having unnecessary overtaking） significantly （P 〈 0. 05 for all）. Anxious driving was a predictor of aggressive driving behavior（β= 1. 830, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Conclusion Road rage and driving style of a driver are influenced by the driver＇s gender, years of driving, the type of the car driven, and whether being a professional driver. The drivers with higher scores of driving style scale and intensive expression of angry emotion are more likely to have aggressive driving behaviors.
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第10期1373-1377,共5页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
华北理工大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(X2015244)
