摘要
目的了解本院近3年临床分离的医院感染病原菌的分布特征及主要革兰阴性杆菌耐药趋势。方法收集2012年1月至2014年12月本院分离的医院感染病原菌,分析主要革兰阴性杆菌药敏试验结果,采用自动仪器法和纸片扩散法进行药敏试验,以Whonet5.4和SPSSl7.0软件进行统计分析。结果该院2012-2014年临床分离医院感染病原菌共8 461株,其中革兰阴性菌占51.34%,革兰阳性菌占19.75%,真菌占28.91%,呼吸道标本最常见;肺炎克雷伯菌和大肠埃希菌对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物的耐药率呈逐年上升趋势;鲍曼不动杆菌对替加环素的耐药率最低,对碳青霉烯类抗菌药物的耐药率较高(>40%);铜绿假单胞菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药率稳定。结论医院感染主要病原菌耐药形势严峻,应继续加强对细菌耐药性的监测,合理应用抗菌药物,延缓耐药产生,加强医院感染防控,降低传播风险。
To understand the distribution characteristics of pathogens causing nosocomial infections and the drug resistance of gram negative bacilli from 2012 to 2014, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out according to Kirby-Bauer method or automate systems. All data were analyzed by WHONET5.4 or SPSS 17.0. There were 8 461 strains of pathogens isolated from nosocomial infection in 2012-2014, of which 51.34% were the gram negative bacilli, 19.75% were the gram positive bacilli,28.91% were the fungi, the respiratory secretion was the most frequent. The resistant trend to carbapenems was developing in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Acinetobacterbaumannii showd relatively lowest resisitance rate to Tigecycline, and highly resistant to carbapenems （〉 40%）. Resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to commonly used antimierobial agents was stable. We Should strengthen the monitoring of drug resistance of pathogens, at the same time, strengthen the prevention and control of hospital infection.
出处
《中国人兽共患病学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第1期102-106,共5页
Chinese Journal of Zoonoses
关键词
医院感染
病原菌
耐药监测
抗菌药
nosocomial infection
pathogen
drug resistance
antimicrobial agent
