摘要
为查明大神堂浅海菲律宾蛤仔养殖的适宜密度和生长特征，开展了放养密度对不同养殖阶段蛤仔生长与存活的影响试验。幼贝初始规格为壳长5.6±1.3mm，养殖密度设置为8000粒/m2、4000粒/m2；成贝期，养殖密度设置为500粒/m2、1000粒/m2、2000粒/m2、4000粒/m2。经26个月的养殖，结果表明：在幼贝期，当幼贝壳长小于22mm时，两密度试验组生长速度及存活率无显著差异，当幼贝壳长大于22mm时，高密度组生长缓慢，差异显著。在成贝养成前期，各密度试验组壳长无显著差异，随着蛤仔的生长，当壳长达到30mm以上时，4000粒/m2密度组生长速度显著低于其他组，其他各组间差别不明显；4000粒/m2密度组蛤仔死亡率高于50%，其他组死亡率在15%-22%之间；另外，4000粒/m2密度下蛤仔繁殖期的肥满度显著低于其他试验组，而其他组之间无显著差异。因此，2000粒/m2为该海域蛤仔养殖的适宜密度，适于培育大规格商品贝。
The culture density and growth of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum were studied in Dashentang epinerit-ic zone. According to different culture stages, the densities were designed as 8 000 individuals m2 and 4 000 individuals m2 at the young stage, and 500 individuals m2, 1 000 individuals/m2, 2 000 individuals/m2 and 4 000 individuals/m2 at the adult stage, respectively. After the culture of 26 months, the results showed that, at the young stage, the difference in the growth was not significant between the two densities when young clam size was above 500 individuals/kg, and the growth of young clam was significantly slower in the high density （8 000 individuals m2） than that in the low density （4 000 individuals m2） when the size of young clam was below 500 individuals kg. At the beginning of the adult stage, the shell length was not signif-icantly different among the experimental groups, but the growth was significantly smaller in 4 000 individuals m2 than those of the other groups when the shell length was above 30mm. The mortality rate of 4 000 individuals m2 was more than 50%, how-ever, that of the other groups was in the range of 15-20%. At the adult stage, the condition index of 4 000 individuals m2 group was significantly lower than those of the other groups, however, there was no significant difference of the condition in-dex among the other groups. In conclusion, the density of 2 000 individuals m2 is the most proper culture density in this area. This would produce a large scale of Manila clam.
出处
《海洋通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期470-474,共5页
Marine Science Bulletin
基金
天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划(15JCYBJC30400)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-48)
天津市科技特派员项目(14JCTPJC00521)
关键词
菲律宾蛤仔
浅海
养殖密度
肥满度
Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum
epineritic zone
breeding density
condition index
