摘要
为探索烟梗灰在烤烟生产上的应用效果,解决烟梗灰的废物利用问题,实现烟草废弃物循环经济的目的,采取烟梗灰为原料配制的基、追肥与常规烟草基、追肥进行大田对比试验,研究烟梗灰不同的配施方式对烤烟农艺性状及产量品质的影响。结果表明：（1）施用烟梗灰可以延长烤烟大田生育期,促进烟叶充分成熟和干物质积累;（2）施用烟梗灰可以提高烤烟农艺性状,圆顶期最大叶面积分别比对照增加了11.3%~20.7%;（3）施用烟梗灰可以有效提升烤烟的产、质量,其中T1处理（基肥：菜饼378 kg/hm2＋烟梗灰252 kg/hm2＋磷酸二铵212.55 kg/hm2＋硝钙220.65 kg/hm2;追肥：烟梗灰735 kg/hm2＋尿素96.45 kg/hm2）效果最佳,产量上增加了75.6 kg/hm2,烟农纯收入增加了5952.9元/hm2,相比对照提高了14.85%。因此,烟梗灰基、追配方处理（T1）是烟梗灰在烤烟生产上利用的最佳方式,适合湖南永州烟区推广应用。
In order to investigate the effect of tobacco stalk ash in flue-cured tobacco planting, realize thewaste utilization of tobacco stalk ash in flue-cured tobacco production, a field experiment was carried out byusing tobacco stalk ash as raw material to form base fertilizer and topdressing in contrast with general basefertilizer and topdressing, the tobacco agronomic traits, tobacco quality and economic traits with differentdistributions and applications of tobacco stalk ash were evaluated. The results showed that：（1） using tobaccostalk ash could prolong flue- cured tobacco growing stage, and promote fully mature and dry matteraccumulation of tobacco leaf;（2） using tobacco stalk ash could improve agronomic characters of flue-curedtobacco, the maximum leaf area increased by 11.3%- 20.7% in dome duration compared with the controltreatment;（3） using tobacco stalk ash could improve tobacco quality and yield, among all the treatments, T1（base fertilizer： rape- seed cake 378 kg/hm2, tobacco stalk ash 252 kg/hm2, diammonium phosphate212.55 kg/hm2 and calcium nitrate 220.65 kg/hm2; topdressing： tobacco stalk ash 735 kg/hm2 and urea96.45 kg/hm2） had the best effect; compared with the control, the yield increased by 75.6 kg/hm2, the pureincome of tobacco grower increased by 5952.9 yuan /hm2, 14.85% higher than that of the control. Accordingly,the treatment of using tobacco stalk ash as raw material to form base fertilizer and topdressing（T1） was the bestway of tobacco stalk ash utilization in flue- cured tobacco production, suitable for application in Yongzhoutobacco area of Hunan.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2015年第22期256-262,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
中国烟草总公司科技重点项目"复烤烟梗循环处理技术及应用研究"(110201302017)
关键词
烟梗灰
烤烟
生产
应用研究
tobacco stalk ash
flue-cured tobacco
production
application research
