摘要
目的调查锦州市部分社区儿童心理韧性与突发事件应急能力现状,探讨社区儿童心理韧性与突发事件应急能力之间的关系,为儿童安全教育提供参考依据。方法 2013年5—7月,采用分层整群抽样法随机抽取锦州市部分社区四、五、六年级在校学生450例作为调查对象。参考相关文献,自行设计一般资料调查问卷;采用青少年心理韧性量表(包括目标专注、情绪控制、积极认知、家庭支持和人际协助5个维度)评价儿童心理韧性现状,突发事件应急能力问卷评估儿童突发事件应急能力。共发放问卷450份,剔除无效问卷47份,获有效问卷403份,有效率为89.6%。结果不同性别儿童心理韧性总分及各维度得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同年级儿童心理韧性总分及目标专注、情绪控制、积极认知、家庭支持得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年级儿童人际协助得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);其中四年级人际协助得分分别高于五年级、六年级(t=1.981、1.962,P<0.05)。不同性别、年级儿童突发事件应急能力得分比较,差异无统计学意义(t=-1.140、F=0.595,P=0.542、0.552)。目标专注、积极认知得分与突发事件应急能力得分呈正相关(r=0.142、0.287,P<0.05)。情绪控制、家庭支持、人际协助得分与突发事件应急能力得分呈负相关(r=-0.155、-0.122、-0.108,P<0.05)。积极认知、家庭支持、情绪控制得分与突发事件应急能力得分有回归关系(P<0.05)。结论心理韧性对儿童突发事件应急能力有一定预测作用,良好的心理防御功能对提高儿童突发事件应急能力、减少突发事件对儿童造成的身心伤害发挥着至关重要的作用。
Objective To investigate the current situation of resilience and emergency response capability of children in communities of Jinzhou and to study the relationship between the resilience and emergency response capability of children in order to provide a reference for safety education of children. Methods Stratified cluster sampling was used to randomly select 450 students from grade four to six in communities in Jinzhou form May to July in 2013. Related literature was consulted to prepare the self- designed questionnaire on general information. Healthy Kids Resilience Assessment（ HKRA, including focus, emotion control,active cognition,family support and interpersonal assistance） was used to evaluate the resilience of children, and emergency response capability questionnaire was used to evaluate the emergency response capability of children. A total of 450 questionnaires were distributed, 47 invalid questionnaires were removed, and 403 questionnaires were returned, with an effective rate of 89. 6%. Results The total score and each dimension score of resilience of children with different sexes showed no statistically significant difference（ P〉0. 05）. The total score of resilience and scores of focus, emotion control, active cognition and family support of children in different grades showed no statistically significant difference（ P〉0. 05）. The score of interpersonal assistance of children in different grades showed statistically significant difference（ P〈0. 05）. Compared with the children in both grade five and grade six, the score of interpersonal assistance of children in grade four showed statisticallysignificant differences（ t = 1. 981,1. 962,P〈0. 05）. The score of emergency response capability of children with different sexes and different grades showed no statistically significant difference（ t =- 1. 140, F = 0. 595, P = 0. 542,0. 552）. The scores of focus and active cognition were positively correlated with the score of emergency response capability（ r = 0. 142,0. 287,P〈0. 05）. The scores of emotion control,family support and interpersonal assistance were negatively correlated with the score of emergency response capability（ r =- 0. 155,- 0. 122,- 0. 108,P〈0. 05）. The scores of active cognition,family support and emotion control had regression relationship with the score of emergency response capability（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The resilience of children can predict the emergency response capability,and a better resilience is of great significance to improve emergency response capability of children and reduce the mental and physical damage caused by emergencies.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第9期1050-1053,共4页
Chinese General Practice
基金
教育部人文社科规划基金项目(13YJAZH052)
辽宁医学院校长基金-奥鸿博泽基金大学生科技创新基金项目(2013D47)
关键词
儿童
韧性
心理
突发事件应急能力
Child
Resilience
psychological
Emergency response capability
