摘要
飞行器在空中运动时会因多种起电机理在机体上累积大量的静电荷,对飞行安全带来多方面的威胁。为研究飞行器静电带电量的变化规律及其影响因素,分析了飞行器静电起电的主要机理,建立了飞行器穿云的摩擦起电理论模型,并在明确飞行器静电放电主要形式和放电阈值影响因素的基础上,重点研究了飞行器带电量随时间变化的理论模型,得到了带电量的解析解,获得了飞行器最大带电量和最大电压的表达式,通过数值建模与仿真分析研究了各因素对飞行器带电量和电位的影响。研究结果表明,飞行器带电量随时间快速增加直至达到最大值;典型情况下可在0.5 s内带电量增大至近17μC,电压可达8.5 kV;飞行器最高带电量与飞行器电容成正比,通过增加放电针数目、优化放电针设计、减小起电电流和增大电晕放电因子可以显著减小飞行器最大带电量。
The electrostatic charge accumulated on flying aerial vehicle due to varieties of electrification mechanisms may degrade the performance of aerial vehicle and cause direct and potential harm. To investigate the pattern and influencing factors of this electrostatic charge, after analyzing the main mechanism of aerial vehicle＇s electrification, we derived a triboelectricity charging current equation of aerial vehicle flying through clouds. Moreover, by analyzing the main dis- charge modality and the factors related to the discharge threshold, we established theoretical equations describing the aerial vehicle charge varying with time and derived a general analytic expression of aerial vehicle＇s electrostatic charge. Using the general expression, we deduced an expression of the maximum amount and maximum potential of aerial ve- hicle charge. Then we discussed the influences of some factors on the amount and potential of aerial vehicle charge through numerical modeling and simulations. The results indicate that the aerial vehicle electric charge increases rapidly with time until it reaches a maximum value - typically, the charge magnitude can reach up to about 17μC within 0.5 seconds, while the voltage is about 8.5 kV. The maximum magnitude of electric charge of an aerial vehicle is proportional to the vehicle＇s capacitance. By means of increasing the number of dischargers, optimizing the design of the dischargers, increasing the corona discharge factor, and reducing charging current, the maximum magnitude of aerial vehicle electric charge can be reduced efficaciously.
出处
《高电压技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第9期2806-2812,共7页
High Voltage Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(61172035)
国防预研基金(编号略)~~
关键词
飞行器带电
摩擦起电
喷流起电
电晕放电
静电防护
静电安全评价
aerial vehicle electrification
triboelectricity
aero-engine exhaust electrification
corona discharge
electros-tatic protection
electrostatic safety evaluation
