摘要
[目的 ]通过调查分析不同性别、年龄中、小学生对交通意外伤害的知识、信念、行为 (以下简称“知、信、行”) ,为有针对性地开展交通伤害预防和控制工作提供依据。 [方法 ]采取整群抽样的方法 ,同时采用统一编制的“上海市中、小学生交通安全知识认知调查表”进行调查。 [结果 ]有 79 2 %以上的学生对交通安全知识有一定了解 ;总体上认知程度表现出随着年龄的增加而逐渐上升的趋势 ;其中大于 15岁的年龄组认知程度最高 ,但其行为、信念方面却有相反的趋势。年龄小于 12岁的小学生有 7 1%的人骑自行车上学。在 5 99名骑自行车的学生中发生过交通事故的占13 0 2 %。知、信、行之间进行相关性的分析 ,结果显示在不同年龄组中各个变量知、信、行之间都有显著的相关性。在 15岁以前随着年龄的增长 ,其认知和行为之间的相关程度逐渐增高 ,而 15岁以后 ,其认知和行为之间的相关程度却有所下降。在行为和信念之间 ,也是在 15岁以前随着年龄的增长 ,它们之间的相关程度逐渐增高 ,而 15岁以后 ,它们却有所下降。在认知和信念之间 ,15岁以后的相关程度低于 15岁之前的年龄组。 [结论 ]加强对青少年的安全教育和健康促进不能只满足于“知” ,必须在“行”和“信念”多下功夫。应结合青少年的心理、生理特点有针对性?
To provide guide for the further work on health promotion for control and prevention of traffic injury,this study explored the degrees of knowing knowledge,positive attitude and correct behaviors to traffic safety in different sex and age of school students in Shanghai,China. Cluster sampling and questionnaire of traffic safety consciousness of school students in Shanghai were conducted in this study. At least more than 79.2% students had the knowledge of traffic safety. The degree of knowledge showed totally that knowledge increased with students growing up,which was highest in the group of more than 15 years old,but the trend of positive attitude and correct behaviors was worse in this group. The traffic accident incidence in the students of riding bicycle was 13.02%,7.1% of primary school students less than 12 years old went to school by bicycle. The analysis of relativity on knowledge,attitude and behavior showed that there was significant relativity among variables in different age groups. With the rise of age,the relativity degree of knowledge and behavior increased gradually before 15 years old,however,it became less after 15 years old. The same change between attitude and behavior was also observed. The degree of relativity between knowledge and attitude in the group of more 15 years old was lower than that in younger groups. [Conclusion] The control and prevention of traffic accident of juvenile is a systematic engineering,which should be concerned by the whole society. The work on the safety education and health promotion of juvenile should not be satisfied in knowledge but more efforts must be made on the improvement of attitude and behavior. It is noticed specially that the education on attitude and behavior should be combined with the psychological and physiological characteristic of juvenile. The prevent consciousness must be enhanced,which is important for high-class students in especial.
出处
《环境与职业医学》
CAS
北大核心
2002年第3期155-159,共5页
Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine
基金
世界银行贷款项目-疾病预防健康促进卫Ⅶ项目
