摘要
本文对生态系统稳定性的有关研究作了归纳和分析。在此基础上,将热力学稳定性理论引入了生态系统的相应研究。在一般意义下,讨论了K型增长种群的稳定性。证明了K型增长种群的局部稳定区为[K/2,K];整体稳定区域为[(1-1/3^(1/3))·K/2,(1+1/3^(1/3))·K/2]。明确了人类生态系统发展的最佳区间为[K/2,(1+1/3^(1/3)·K/2)。并运用这一理论,对甘肃省河西地区的人口及资源承载能力进行了定量分析。
In this paper, the studies concerning ecosystem stability and niche were reviewed and analysed. On this basis, the theory of thermodynamic stability is introduced into the study of ecosystem. At an equilibrium state, the stability of ecosystem can be determined according to the behaviour of extrem value and development with time of entropy S; in the linear region of none-quilibrium it can be judged of from the entropy production P≥0 and dP/dt< 0; and in the nonlinear region of noneguilibruim super entropy d(0.5δ2)S/ dt superior to zero,Minor to and equal to zero are corresponding to a stable, instable and critical state respectively. It was found that in a closed system the key to the settlement of the problem lies in entropy runction; in the linear region of nonequilibruim it lies in the generalized force and flux; and in the nonlinear region of nonequilibruim in the disturbance of generalized force and flux from the reference state and the changed superentropy. Furthermore, the theory of niche was reviewed in order to clear the structure of ecosystem and the concept of vector niche was put forward so that the differenty that niche application faced can be resolved.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第4期361-366,共6页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
关键词
生态系统
稳定性
定量分析
stability, superentropy production, niche, generalized force, generalized flux, coupling.
