摘要
目的 对肾综合征出血热I型鼠脑疫苗在人群中的预防免疫效果进行卫生经济学评价。方法 利用在疫区现场进行流行病学考核的资料 ,评价疫苗免疫预防对于健康和人群生存质量的影响。分别比较接种疫苗组和非接种组的成本、通过免疫而取得的结果以及成本 -效果比值。所有疾病结局均来自于疫苗效果考核的观察。疫苗覆盖率、成本等资料来自现场收集的资料。结果 按目前免疫程序 ,HFRS灭活疫苗在人群中的有效率约 90 %。在所有年龄组人群中每减少 1名出血热病例的费用为 9773.2 8元。成本 -效果比值因不同年龄组而异 ,其中 30～ 39年龄组每增加 1个健康生命年需花费 12 0 88.6 9元 ,5 0～ 5 9岁年龄组每增加 1个健康生命年需花费 6 2 2 93 .12元。疫苗成本、保护期和保护率对成本 -效果比值最为敏感。结论 疫苗在所有年龄组易感者中均未能获得正效益 ,但在 30～ 39岁的高危人群中能取得最佳的成本 -效果比。
Aim To examine the economic consequences of vaccination against HFRS.Methods This strategy was based on a trial field observation on epidemiological efficacy of inactivated vaccine against HFRS. The study addresseds the impact of preventive inventions on the health and quality of life of patients in the target population. We compared the costs, outcomes and cost-effectiveness of a routine program with no intervention. Clinical outcomes were based on vaccine efficacy relying on published data. Vaccine coverage rates and costs were collected from multiple sources.Results A routine HFRS vaccine program would prevent about 90% of all potential cases. Vaccination could prevent a HFRS patient among all age groups for about $9 773.28 in net medical-costs. Cost-effectiveness ratios varied according to the age of the person vaccinated-from $12 088.69 per year of healthy life for an adult between the ages of 30～39 to $62 293.12 per year of healthy life for an adult 50～59 years old. These ratios would change substantially with variations in such factors as the cost of vaccine, the duration of immunity, the efficacy of the vaccine. Conclusions A routine vaccination program against HFRS can not bring benefits to the people of all the age groups, but will be relatively cost-effective if the target population is focused on high risk people especially those aged 30～39.
出处
《中国人兽共患病杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2001年第3期7-9,共3页
Chinese Journal of Zoonoses
基金
国家"九五"科技攻关专题! (96 -90 6 -0 3-13)
关键词
肾综合征出血热
灭活疫苗
成本效果比值
敏感度分析
Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome(HFRS)
Inactivated Vaccine
Cost-effectiveness Ratios
Sensitivity Analysis
