摘要
三倍体鱼类,因具有不育性、生长快、抗病力强和饲养管理容易等优点,所以国内外水产科学工作者对其进行了广泛的研究,并取得了一定的成功和效益。在国内,虽然淡水鱼这方面的工作较多也较深入,但海水鱼三倍体人工诱导还尚未见到报道。本文系于1989年3—6月对黑鲷进行人工诱导三倍体的初步研究。
Studies on triploid induction in the Black Porgy, Sparus macrocephalus (Basilewsky) were carried out from March to June in 1989 in Qingdao anl Tianjin respectively, and triploid fry was obtained by a series of cold (0-3℃)-and heat (30-32℃)-shocks in fertilized eggs. Preliminary results of the experiments show that:1.When triploidy was induced three minutes after fertilization at a temperature level of 20±1℃, the rate of occurrence of triploidy was high. When triploidy was induced ten minutes after fertilization at a temperature level of 18±1℃, the rate of development of the fertilized egg was slow though the rate of occurrence of triploidy was also high.2.Cold shock (0-3℃) for 30-45 minutes resulted in higher occurrence rate of triploidy (as high as 17.4-22.3%). Thermal shocks of 30-32℃ for 3-8 minutes did not make any great difference in the rate of occurrence of triploidy, but the hatching rate was lowered with increase in duration of shock.The early stage of triploidy in the Black Porgy can be identified in the gastrula stage. After removal of the egg membrane and the yolk sac, the gastrulae were treated with 0.075 mol/L KC1 solution and then fixed in a mixture of 3:1 methanol and acetic acid. They were finally placed onto slides, air-dried and stained in Giemsa, after which rather ideal chromosome spreads were obtained. Observation of chromosome spreads under the microscope showed that the Black Porgy has 48 diploid chromosomes (2n = 48), while its triploid individual has 72 (3n = 72).This paper also discusses the relationship between duration of shock exposure and the rate of development of early stage embryo.
出处
《海洋与湖沼》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1991年第5期489-491,共3页
Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica
