摘要
目的探讨儿童乙肝疫苗再免疫的免疫效果及免疫失败的危险因素,为采取相应的干预措施提供依据。方法 2011年6月—2012年6月借鉴巢式病例对照方法,采用二项分类Logistic回归分析模型,以接受健康体检的3~4岁儿童为初步研究对象,回顾分析其接受乙肝疫苗再免疫的效果及其免疫失败的危险因素。结果共收集完成全程接种的研究对象962人,其中男529人,女433人,免疫成功807人,免疫失败155人,免疫失败率为16.1%。回归分析显示具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）的乙肝疫苗免疫失败发生的危险因素为：儿童肥胖（OR=9.78）、接种过程中感染性疾病史（OR=5.64）、变态反应疾病史（OR=7.73）、有乙肝家族史（OR=5.26）;而月龄、性别、身高、输血史、接种过程中使用免疫抑制药物或抗生素类药物,农民工子女则与乙肝疫苗免疫失败的关系无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论控制体重、防治变态反应性疾病和感染性疾病、预防家庭内交叉感染可提高乙肝疫苗在免疫效果。
Abstract： Objective To investigate the effects of re - immunization of hepatitis B vaccine in children and the risk factors for invalid immunization, and to provide a basis for the application of corresponding interventions. Methods Based on nested case - control method, Logistic regression analysis model was adopted to select healthy children aged 3 - 4 years re- ceiving medical work - up as study objects. They were retrospectively reviewed for the effects of re - immunization of hepa- titis B vaccine and the risk factors for invalid immunization. Results 962 children who had received the whole vaccination procedure were included in this study, of which, 529 were males, 433 females, 807 children with successful immunization, .J . . 155 with invalid lmmumzatlon, with an invalid immunization rate of 16.1%. Logistic regression showed that risk factors for invalid immunization which were of significant difference included obesity （OR = 9.78 ）, catching infection diseases during vaccination（ OR =5.64） ,history of allergic diseases （ OR =7.73） and family history of hepatitis B （ OR =5.26） ,while age, gender, height, history of blood transfusion, use of immunosuppressive drugs or antibiotics during vaccination, chil- dren of migrant workers and invalid vaccination showed no statistically significant difference （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusions Weight control, prevention and control of allergic diseases and infection diseases, prevention of cross - infection within the family can improve the effects of hepatitis B vaccine.
出处
《社区医学杂志》
2014年第8期6-8,共3页
Journal Of Community Medicine
基金
深圳市科技计划项目(201203253)
关键词
儿童免疫
乙肝疫苗
危险因素
Children
Immunization
Hepatitis B vaccine
Risk factors
