摘要
目的分析2011年医院临床标本分离病原菌的分布及其对抗菌药物的耐药性,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法细菌鉴定采用API系统和VITEK-2Compact自动鉴定仪;细菌药物敏感试验采用纸片扩散法(K-B法);根据CLSI判断药敏结果;采用WHONET5.6软件进行统计分析。结果 2011年医院共分离病原菌6 090株,其中革兰阴性菌占63.4%,革兰阳性菌占18.7%,真菌占17.7%,厌氧菌占0.2%;排名前6位的病原菌依次为鲍氏不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、白色假丝酵母菌、金黄色葡萄球菌,分别占18.6%、15.7%、11.1%、11.0%、10.4%、7.0%;产ESBLs大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的检出率分别为32.7%和17.7%;非发酵菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南的耐药率分别为77.8%、75.2%,肠杆菌科细菌的耐药率分别为12.4%、13.9%;MRSA和MRCNS的检出率分别为67.7%和74.3%,检出45株对替考拉宁中介的葡萄球菌属;所有肠球菌属对利奈唑胺敏感率100.0%,检出对万古霉素、替考拉宁均耐药的屎肠球菌和粪肠球菌各3株。结论鲍氏不动杆菌成为病原菌首位,细菌耐药率增长迅速,部分菌株多药耐药严重,病原菌耐药性监测需密切关注,并采取有效措施。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens isolated from clinical specimens in 2011 so as to provide guidance for reasonable clinical use of antibiotics. METHODS The bacterial identification was performed by means of API system and VITEK-2 Compact automatic identification system, then the drug susceptibility testing was conducted with the use of disk diffusion method （K-B method） , the result of drug susceptibility testing was determined according to CLSI, and the statistical analysis was performed with the use of WHONETS. 6 software. RESULTS A total of 6090 strains of pathogens have been isolated in 2011, among which the gram-negative bacteria accounted for 63. 4%, the gram-positive bacteria 18. 7%, the fungi 17. 7%, the anaerobic bacteria 0.2%; the detection rate of the ESBLs-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae were g2.7% and 17.7%, respectively. The drug resistance rates of the non-fermenting bacteria to imipenem and meropenem were 77. 8% and 75. 2%, respectively; the drug resistance rates of Enterobacteriaceae were 12. 4% and 13. 9%, respectively. The detection rates of MRSA and MRCNS were 67.7% and 74.3%, respectiveIy; totally 45 strains of teicoplanin-intermediate Staphylococcus have been isolated. The drug susceptibility rate of Emerococci to lineaolid was 100. 0%. CONCLUSION Acinetobacter baumannii ranks the first place of pathogens isolated; the drug resistance rates of the pathogens are increasing rapidly; some of the strains are highly multidrug-resistant; it is necessa- ry to focus on the monitoring of drug resistance of the pathogens and take effective measures.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第6期1347-1349,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
国家自然基金资助项目(81000754)
江苏省实验诊断学重点实验室重大基金项目(XK201114)
关键词
病原菌
抗菌药物
耐药率
Pathogen
Antibiotic
Drug resistance
