摘要
目的了解肠球菌属细菌在临床标本中的分布及对常用抗菌药物的耐药性，指导临床合理选择抗菌药物。方法对2011年1月至2012年12月各临床标本中分离的368肠球菌属的细菌菌种分布及药敏结果进行回顾性分析。结果368株肠球菌属细菌中屎肠球菌213株，占58．0％；粪肠球菌145株，占39．3％；鹑鸡肠球菌4株，占1．1％；铅黄肠球菌3株，占0．8％；耐久肠球菌3株，占0．8％。肠球菌属细菌主要分离自尿液、血液、切口分泌物中，检出率分别为53．0％、13．6％、12．2％。粪肠球菌对红霉素、环丙沙星、喹奴普汀／达福普汀和利福平的耐药性较高，耐药率均〉60％，而对青霉素、氨苄西林的耐药率则〈20％；屎肠球菌对青霉素、氨苄西林、红霉素、环丙沙星、利福平、左氧氟沙星的耐药率均〉95％，而对喹奴普汀／达福普汀和四环素耐药率较低，分别为11．3％和35．6％；两种肠球菌对万古霉素、替考拉宁、利奈唑胺的耐药率均〈2％。结论肠球菌属细菌对抗菌药物的耐药性较高，而且屎肠球茵和粪肠球菌的耐药性明显不同，临床治疗时应根据菌株类别和药敏结果合理用药，尽量减少耐药菌株的产生。
Objective To investigate the distribution of Enterococcus in chmcaI specimens ann their drug resistance to commonly used antibiotics, in order to guide the reasonable selection of antibiotics in clinics. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed with the bacterial distribution and antimicro- bial susceptibility results of 368 strains of Enterococcus which were isolated clinically during January 2011 to December 2012. Results Among the 368 strains of Enterococcus, there were 213 strains（58.0% ） of Enterococcus faecium, 145 strains（39.3% ） of Enterococcus faecalis, 4 strains（ 1.1% ） of Enterococcus gallimarum, 3 strains（0.8% ） of Enterococcus casseliflavus, 3 strains（0. 8% ） of Enterococcus durans. The strains were mainly isolated from urine, blood, wound secretion, and the isolation rate was 53.0%, 13.6%, 12. 2% respectively. Enterococcus faecalis were highly resistant to erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, quinupristin/dalfopristin and rifampin, and the resistance rate was above 60% , and the drug resistant rate of Enterococcus faecalis to penicillin, ampicillin rate was less than 20% ; the drug resistant rates of Enterococcus faecium resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ri- fampin were higher than 95% , to quinupristin/dalfopristin and tetracycline were 11.3% and 35.6%, re- spectively; both of enterococcous resistant to vancomycin, teicoplanin, linezolid rate was less than 2%. Conclusions Enterococcus has highly drug resistance to antibiotics, and Enterococcus faecium and En- terococcus faecalis were different in drug resistance. The clinical treatment should be rational, according to susceptibility test results, in order to minimize the emergence of resistant strains as far as possible.
出处
《中国实用医刊》
2014年第3期22-23,共2页
Chinese Journal of Practical Medicine
关键词
肠球菌属
耐药性
抗菌素
Enterococcus
Drug resistance
Antibacterials
