摘要
桂北于2000年从四川洪雅林场引进曼地亚红豆杉1年生扦插苗开展引种试验,栽培3 a后,测定物候期、连年生长量、紫杉醇含量,对获取曼地亚红豆杉植株年生物量最大的栽培技术、最佳采收树龄、产品采收季节和采收部位等开展系统的研究。并于2004年在资源县越城岭国营林场建立广西最大的紫杉醇原料林基地,面积达到340 hm2。结果表明:曼地亚红豆杉在桂北大面积栽培各生长性状表现良好,其生物学特性是3月上旬开始萌芽,下旬展叶,封顶期9月上旬,生长期190 d左右。种植5 a后可以采收,平均每株年生物量鲜质量可达270 g以上;每年10月份以采收当年生枝叶紫杉醇含量最高,达到0.032%以上,并可持续利用和保护生态环境。但由于曼地亚红豆杉引进时品系较杂,或在我国引种栽培后,各地都有不同的变异现象出现,因此,下一步的工作目标是开展良种选育研究,以获取最短生长周期、最大生物量、最高紫杉醇含量、适应性最强、抗性最大的优良品种。
An experiment was conducted on the following parameters of Taxus media, including its phenological phase, cur- rent annual increment, paclitaxel content, cultivation techniques for obtaining maximum annual biomass, the optimal tree age for harvest, the best season and the optimal parts of the tree for collecting the products, after the one year old stecklings of T. media had been introduced from Hongya Forest Farm in Sichun in 2000 and then 3 years old forest was analysed in the northern Guangxi. Meanwhile, a base stand for crude material of paclitaxel, which was 340 hm2, the largest one in Guangxi AR, was established in 2004 at the national Yuechengling Forest Farm of Ziyuan County. Study results showed that T. media grew well when it was cultivated in large-area in the northern Guangxi. T. media sprouted in the early March, came into leaf in the late March, and the early September was its top-cutting time. So the period of T. media growth was a- bout 190 days. Biomass of T. media trees could be harvested after plantation for 5 years and the average wet biomass weight per tree would be 270 g annually. Paclitaxel content of the current-year branches and foliage would be the maximum （0. 032% ） in the October. Breeding improved variety, mass and high paclitaxel content powerful adaptability selection on fine variety with shortest growth cycle, maximum bio- and resistance should be focused more in the future.
出处
《林业科技开发》
北大核心
2014年第1期98-101,共4页
China Forestry Science and Technology
基金
广西区林业局桂林科字专项(编号:[2003]13号)
桂林市科技局项目(编号:20040113-2)
广西"新世纪十百千人才工程"专项(编号:[2007]113号)
