摘要
利用1961—2010年中国553个地面气象站大风资料,并且定义和采用大风集中度和大风集中期的方法,讨论了大风日数年内分布形态的时空特征。结果表明:中国大风日数呈现出西多东少的空间分布特点。近50 a来全国范围内,大风日数都具有减少的变化趋势,其中青藏高原地区减少趋势最显著。在大风天气的年内分布形态上,青藏高原地区出现的大风天气较为集中;而内蒙古地区的大风天气较为分散。青藏高原地区大风集中期最早;而东南沿海地区大风集中期最晚。近50 a来中国大风集中度均有增加的趋势,其中东南沿海地区增加最显著;内蒙古地区和华北地区的大风集中期有显著增加的趋势。同时,西太平洋副热带高压强度、北半球极涡强度和欧亚经向环流型与中国大风集中度的变化关系密切。
Based on the definition of the galeconcentration degree and galeconcentration period, the temporal and spatial characteristics of gale concentration distribution in China are analyzed with the observation data for the period from 1961 to 2010 from 553 surface meteorological stations. Results show that the spatial pattern presents characteristic that mean annual gale days occur more in western than that in eastern China. In recent 50 years, the number of gale days show increasing trend in most parts of Chi na, particularly in the Tibetan Plateau. The galeconcentration degree with the largest value occurs in the Tibetan Plateau while the smallest one in the Inner Mongolia. The earliest galeconcentration period oc curs in the Tibetan Plateau while the latest one in southeast coastal areas of China. The mean galecon centration degree has shown increasing trend in most parts of China, especially in the southeast coastal areas over the past 50 years. The significant change of mean galeconcentration period occurs in Inner Mongolia and north China. Furthermore, it is found that a high correlation exists among the galeconcen tration degree, Pacific subtropical high and polar vortex in northern hemisphere and Eurasian meridional circulation.
出处
《气象科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期543-548,共6页
Journal of the Meteorological Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40975040)
公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201106035
GYHY201006018)
关键词
大风
大风集中度
大风集中期
气候趋势
Gale
Gale-concentration degree
Gale-concentration period
Climate trend
