摘要
种子吸水膨胀,胚重新恢复生长,胚根突破胚乳和种皮是种子萌发的一个连续性过程。激素作为一种信号小分子物质,在种子萌发过程中具有双重效应。本文阐述了6大类激素在种子萌发过程中的效应与作用机制。烟草属于光休眠种子类型,光是其萌发的必要条件,赤霉素(GA3)可代替光释放休眠的烟草种子。光和温度存在一定互作效应,非光条件下高温明显抑制烟草种子的萌发。在烟草种子萌发过程中,水分吸收可分为3个阶段,其中第3个阶段受ABA调控;水分吸收后主要储藏在胚乳中,供给胚的发育和生长。GA3,乙烯(ETH)和油菜素内酯(BR)对烟草种子萌发起促进作用,而脱落酸起抑制作用,生长素和细胞分裂素主要表现为促进烟草种子萌发及幼苗生长。在烟草种子萌发的信号途径中存在一个至关重要的下游基因βGluI,它专一性的在胚乳帽中表达,主要功能为调控胚乳破裂,GA3,ETH,BR等可能促进βGlu I的上调表达,而ABA下调βGlu I的表达。今后可通过激素的互作效应,调节βGlu I的表达水平,从而更好的调控烟草种子萌发。
Seed uptake water, embryo elongation growth, radicle breakthrough endosperm and testa is a successional process during seed germination. As a signal molecular, Hormone has the double effects in the seed germination process. We briefly introduced the interactions of hormones during tobacco seed germination. Light is essential condition for the germination of tobacco dormant seeds, and that could be released by gibberellin （ GA3 ）. Under nonlight condition, germination is obviously inhibited by high temperature. Water absorption of tobacco seeds could be divided into three phases, and the 3 stage is regulated by ABA hormone. Water stored in endosperm to promote embryo development and later growth. During tobacco seed germination, GA3, ethylene （ETH） and brassinolide （BR） play a catalytic role, and ABA played a repressive role. IAA and CK both promote seed germination and seedling growth. Glu I is a significant downstream gene in the signal transduction of tobacco seed ger mination, which expresses in the endosperm cap especially and regulates endosperm rupture. GA3, ETH and BR may be positive regulator for the expression of Glu I and ABA is a negative regulator. We could used the interactions among hormones to promote tobacco seed germination.
出处
《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期416-423,共8页
Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science
基金
贵州省烟草专卖局(公司)青年学者自主项目(201231)
贵州省地方标准制修订项目(201243)
关键词
烟草
种子
萌发
激素
tobacco
seed
germination
hormone
