摘要
随着城市规模的高速发展和城市人口的急剧膨胀,因城市下垫面结构的急剧变化和城市人为热排放的迅速增加所引起的城市热岛效应已逐渐成为严重影响城市人居环境和居民健康的重要因素。城市热岛效应研究已成为城市气候和区域气候研究中的热点问题。为更好地研究城市热岛效应,及时追踪国内外最新进展,综述了城市热岛的概念和形成机制,介绍了地面气象资料观测法、遥感监测法和边界层数值模式模拟法等3种城市热岛效应研究方法,概述了城市热岛效应国内外最新研究进展。认为基于现有城市热岛效应研究尺度局限于宏观大尺度以及各种方法的局限性,提出在未来的城市热岛效应研究中,应突破现有的大中尺度,并结合高分辨率卫星遥感影像进行多尺度多平台监测以及考虑气溶胶粒子对辐射强迫的影响等。
With the rapidly development of city scale and the rapid expansion of urban population, the urban heat island effect caused by dramatic changes of the structure of urban underlying surface and the increasing of urban anthropogenic heat have gradually become an important impact factor on urban living environment and human health. Urban heat island effect has become a hot topic of urban climate and regional climate. In order to study the urban heat island effect, progresses at home and abroad were summarized, including the concept and formation mechanism of urban heat island, the three methods used to study the urban heat island effect i. e. the observation method of ground meteorological elements, remote sensing monitoring method, and simulation method of boundary layer numerical model. These summaries indicate that there are some shortages in this area. For example, the re- search in this area is not perfect and deep enough. Most studies are based on the large scale, and there is certain limitation for each method. Thus, the high-resolution satellite remote sensing images for multi-scale, multi-platform monitoring systems should be combined, and the effect of aerosol particles on radiative forcing should be taken into account for studying the urban heat island.
出处
《气象与环境学报》
2013年第2期101-106,共6页
Journal of Meteorology and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"城市冠层模式的发展及耦合模拟研究"(41005012)
江苏省高校自然科学研究面上项目(11KJB170005)
南京信息工程大学科研启动项目(20100373)共同资助
关键词
城市热岛
城市气候
尺度
Urban heat island
Urban climate
Scale
