摘要
本文对兰州城市气候与“热岛效应”进行了综合分析。结果表明：兰州城市“热岛效应”使城区年平均气温升高约１℃；使城、郊温差增加１．０～１．４℃；城市“热岛效应”主要使２００ｍ以下近地层大气夜间至早晨明显增温。市内年平均相对湿度比同期郊区相对湿度降低５％～８％；市内年蒸发量比郊区增大２５０～４８０ｍｍ，表现出明显的城市“干岛效应”；市内年平均风速比５０年代减小近５０％，而郊区年平均风速比６０年代显著增大，兰州城市“热岛”、“干岛”的形成除天气条件外，主要与城市发展、人口增加、下垫面改善及大气中污染物浓度增加有关。
In the paper, the climatic variation and heat island effect in Lanzhou is comprehensively analysed by using conventional meteorological data and the data from U. S. A. Ts-2A detection system. The results are as follows: Form 1960 to 1991, the annual mean air temperature went up about I℃and the air temperature difference between the city and its suburb increased 1. 0￣ 1. 4C℃. The heat island effect was mainly displayed in planetary boundary layer below 200m. The annual mean relative humidity was 5-8 per cent lower in the urban district than in the suburb. The annual evaporation capacity was 250￣480 mm higher in the urban district than in the suburb. Therefote,the dry island effect was also shown in Lanzhou city. Form 1951 to 1990, the annual mean wind speed decreased 50 per cent in the urban district and increased 60 per cent in the suburb.
出处
《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1994年第4期161-167,共7页
Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)
关键词
城市气候
下垫面
热岛效应
综合分析
climate in city
underlying surface
urban heat island effect
comprehensive analysis
