摘要
目的通过探索胎儿左、右心耳的二维超声检查方法及图像特征，为准确判断心房方位奠定基础。方法200例19-28周正常胎儿，选用适宜的切面显示胎儿左、右心耳，分别记录不同超声入射角度和不同孕周时左、右心耳的显示率及其形态特征。结果在心底部双心耳切面能显示左、右心耳，左心耳显示率92％，右心耳显示率68％，左右心耳同时显示率为65．5％。比较不同入射角度时心耳显示率，以声束从胎儿胸腔右侧面入射时双侧心耳显示率最高（94．3％，66／70）。比较不同孕周胎儿心耳显示率，最佳显示时间为孕22-24周。在此切面上观察到胎儿左心耳形态以弯指状最为常见，基底部开口较小，体部狭长，边缘可有切迹，内壁回声较光整。右心耳最常见为钝三角形，基底部开口较宽，深度较浅，内壁梳状肌常见，呈锯齿状回声。部分胎儿右心耳腔内可见矢状带。结论在双心耳切面上能较满意地显示正常中孕期胎儿的左、右心耳，二者基底部开口大小、心耳深度及形状、内壁回声均有差别，可为确定心房的方位提供直接依据。
Objective To understand demonstration methods and ultrasonographic features of left and right atrial appendages in normal fetuses. Methods 200 consecutive normal fetuses during gestation age 19- 28 weeks from November 2011 through April 2012 entered the study. Ultrasonographic features and the demonstrated rates of atrial appendages at different incidence angle of ultrasonography and different gestational weeks were recorded and calculated,respectively. Results Atrial appendages of normal fetuses can be demonstrated on atrial appendages plane,which was little lower the view of parasternal great artery short axis. The display rate of left, right and left-right atrial appendages was 92%, 68%, 65. 5%, respectively. When ultrasound beam entranced into chest from the right side, the display rate of left-right atrial appendages was highest（94. 3%）. The best time to observe atrial appendages was 22 to 24 week of pregnancy. The majority of left atrial appendages were fingerlike hook shapes, with narrower bases and longer bodys, and the endoeardial surfaces were relatively smooth. Sometimes with incisures on external edges. Whereas the majority of right atrial appendages were obtuse-angled triangle shapes, with broad bases and shallower bodys. On endocardial surface the pectinate muscles were often seen, which looked like serrated echoes, sometimes prominent taenia sagittalis were noted in right atrial appendages. Conclusions Atrial appendages of normal fetuses can be demonstrated using two-dimensional ultrasonography on atrial appendages plane. The demonstrated rates of atrial appendages were different according to different incidence angle of ultrasonography and gestational weeks. There were some differences in ultrasonographic features between left and right atrial appendages,which is very helpful in determinating atrial situs.
出处
《中华超声影像学杂志》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期296-299,共4页
Chinese Journal of Ultrasonography
关键词
超声检查
产前
心耳
Ultrasonography, pranatal
Atrial appendages
