摘要
新型信息化技术是解决中国医疗服务需求的关键手段.智慧医疗是医疗信息化的重要研究方向,它融合了物联网、云计算与大数据处理技术,以"感、知、行"为核心,旨在建立一个智能的远程疾病预防与护理平台."感"即以物联网技术为基础,利用多种传感器实时跟踪各种生命体征数据并通过无线网络技术传送到医疗数据中心,然而如何能够长期、精确、便捷、及时、无创地采集各种人体关键生命体征数据是一个巨大挑战;"知"即利用大数据存储与处理平台,应用数据挖掘和知识发现理论对医疗历史数据进行建模与分析,如何从大数据信息中挖掘关键生理特征,可靠、快速、高效地发现早期疾病和预测健康风险,也是一个巨大挑战;"行"即将实时跟踪与历史数据的分析结果,通过云服务的方式提供给医务人员作为诊疗参考,或为终端用户直接提供医疗护理方案,如何建立有效的数据模型以实现大规模复杂健康查询的快速和准确响应,同样也是一个巨大挑战.本文将讨论"感"、"知"、"行"所面临的技术挑战,并探讨解决这些挑战的可行方案.
Information technology is a key to solve China＇s growing demand for satisfactory medical services. Smart healthcare, which is an integration of various information technologies including Internet of Things （IoT）, cloud computing, and big data processing, aims at building a remote disease prevention and care platform. There are three core components in smart healthcare： data acquisition, knowledge discovery, and remote service. ＇Data acquisition＇ is the process of monitoring vital signs using various medical sensors and uploading the data to a medical datacenter via wireless networks. Though data acquisition is based on mature technologies of IoT, great care must be taken in continuously collecting vital signs data which has many requirements such as high precision, low latency, and being available anytime and anywhere. ＇Knowledge discovery＇ applies statistics, machine learning, visualization, and data mining on medical data to find out key physiological characteristics, to predict health risks~ and to detect diseases early. However, the big medical data poses great challenges to the efficiency and the scalability of such data analysis. ＇Remote service＇ offers remote treatment and care solutions to patients, or data analysis results and treatment recommendations to doctors. Undoubtedly, we are facing many challenges in providing these services requiring timely and accurate responses. In this paper, we discuss the above issues in smart healthcare and propose potential solutions.
出处
《中国科学：信息科学》
CSCD
2013年第4期515-528,共14页
Scientia Sinica(Informationis)
关键词
物联网
云计算
大数据处理
智慧医疗
Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data processing, smart healthcare
