摘要
惠州炼化污水汽提装置开工运行一年半后出现了汽提塔重沸器、脱硫塔、脱氨塔塔盘结垢严重等问题,影响到装置的长周期运行。导致装置结垢的主要因素是污水中含有环烷酸盐、沥青质和挥发酚、催化剂粉末、焦粉等。从降低常减压装置污水量,原料水加强除油、过滤和破乳,加强酸性水罐的管理等方面,提出解决装置结垢的措施与建议:通过减顶污水回注电脱盐、常顶污水回注常减顶,降低常减压装置去污水汽提装置污水量25～35t/h左右,可降低装置处理负荷,同时降低混合污水的环烷酸铵和沥青质含量,降低结垢趋势;加强上游装置油水分离罐界位控制,减少酸性水带油量;加强对原料水,特别是焦化、催化酸性水及污油脱水的监控,加入高效破乳剂,或采用滤芯小于25μm的过滤设备处理污水,可提高阻垢效果。同时,污水原料水A罐做好静态除油,B罐定期进行脱油、罐底脱泥操作,并利用撬装设备定期对原料水A罐进行机械清罐,可延长运行周期。
Serious scaling occurred in the reboiler of the stripping column,the desulfurizing column and the tray of the deaminizing column of the sour water stripping unit in CNOOC Huizhou Refinery 18 months after startup of the unit,undermining the unit′ s long-period operation.The main cause of the scaling was that the sour water contained naphthenate,asphaltene,volatile phenol,catalyst powder and coke powder.This article proposes measures and suggestions on solving scaling,including reducing the production of sewage in the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit,strengthening deoiling,filtering and demulsification for feed water,and strengthening the management of sour water tanks.By re-injecting vacuum tower overhead sour water into the electrical desalting process and re-injecting atmospheric tower overhead sour water into the overhead section of the atmospheric and vacuum tower,the sour water flow in the stripping unit of the atmospheric and vacuum unit can be reduced by some 25-35t/h,in turn lowering the treatment load of the stripping unit and the contents of ammonium naphthenate and asphaltene in mixed sour water,thus reducing scaling tendency.The effect of retarding scaling can be improved by strengthening oil-water contact control for the oil and water separating tank of the upstream unit,reducing the oil carried in sour water,strengthening the monitoring and control of feed water,particularly coking water,catalytic sour water and deoiled water,adding high-efficiency demulsifier,or introducing filtering equipment with filter element less than 25μm to treat the sour water.In addition,static deoiling must be done for tank A used for storing sour water feed and deoiling and bottom desliming operations must be carried out periodically for tank B.Periodic mechanical cleaning for tank A with skid-mounted equipment can also help extend the operational cycle.
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2013年第4期78-82,共5页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
污水汽提
结垢
除油
过滤
破乳
清罐
sour water stripping
scaling
deoiling
filtering
demulsification
tank cleaning
