摘要
目的:该研究汇总现有大气污染相关的条件评价法(contingent valuation methods,CVM)研究,探究统计生命价值(value of statistical life,VSL)与影响因素间的关系,并估算我国大气污染相关的VSL,定量化和货币化大气污染相关的健康影响。方法:meta回归分析来研究VSL和社会经济相关人口特征之间关系。结果:个人收入水平及受教育程度可能与VSL存在正相关关系,而家庭人口数与VSL可能为负相关;我国大气污染相关VSL约为86万元,城镇VSL约为159万元,农村VSL约为32万元。结论:VSL估算值能较好地反映城镇人口对大气污染健康危害的支付意愿情况;由于我国农村地区CVM研究的不足,对农村VSL估算较为保守;与国外研究结果相比,我国大气污染相关的VSL相对较低。
Objective： To provide cost-effectiveness evidence for policy making and selection by quantification and monetization of air-pollution-related health effects with data pooled from the air pollution-related CVM （ contingent valuation methods ） studies conducted in China. Methods： A meta-regression method was applied to explore the relationship between VSL （ value of statistical life ） and socioeconomic and demographic variables. The estimations of VSL in China were made by constructed meta-regression model. Results： The meta-regression model indicated that both income level and education level were positively related to VSL, while the family size had negative effect. The estimated value to save one statistical life was about 860 000 RMB in the whole country, 1 590 000 RMB in urban areas, and 320 000 RMB in rural areas. Conclusion： The meta-regression model of VSL fitted to describe urban population＇ s WTP（ willingness to pay ） and economic value of air-pollution-related health effects. The disadvantages of CVM studies in rural areas might bring about the underestimation of VSL for rural population. Compared with other studies, VSL in China was much lower than that in the developed countries.
出处
《中国卫生资源》
2013年第1期64-67,共4页
Chinese Health Resources
关键词
空气污染
条件评价法
健康风险
支付意愿
统计生命价值
META分析
中国
air pollution
contingent valuation method
health risks
willingness-to-pay
value of statisticallife
meta-analysis
China
