摘要
以某发电厂液氨储罐为例,从风险识别、源项分析、后果计算和事故风险防范措施等方面对储罐进行环境风险分析,并进行了模拟计算。结果表明,项目的最大可信事故为液氨储罐泄漏事故,液氨储罐的泄漏概率为7.96×10-6a-1,液相的泄漏速率为45.7 kg/s,气相的泄漏速率为3.74 kg/s,两相的泄漏速率为7.85 kg/s,闪蒸的蒸发速率为9.96 kg/s,并确定了氨气扩散的危害范围和相应防治措施。
This paper is aimed at making an analysis and discussion on ammonia tank leakage in power plant denitrification projects by taking a power plant ammonia tank as a case study sample. As is known, it has often been a case in which liquid ammonia tank has been found leaked casually and then led to a hazardous ammonia ac- cident. Actually, such environmental hazardous accidents have been taking place more and more frequently, which are worthy of careful scientific research. In addition, we have also conducted the simula- tion and prediction of the accidents. Results of this study suggest that the most credible accident of the project had been identified to be liquid ammonia leakage. While the leakage possibility of this project was estimated at 7.96 ~ 10-6 a-1 , the liquid leakage rate was esti- mated at 45.7 kg/s, the gas leakage rate was 3.74 kg./s, the two- phase leakage rate was 7.85 kg/s, and the flash evaporation rate was 9.96 kg,/s. We have also worked out the damage range that is caused by the diffusion of ammonia and proposed the corresponding preven- tion measures in different weather conditions. At static conditions, moderately and heavily hazard radii were supposed to be 282.6 m and 171.1 m respectively. On the windy condition, moderate and heavy hazard radii were 618.7 m and 1 004.5 m at instantaneous emission 600 s whereas at continuous emission 600 s were 157.2 m and 378.2 m. Thus, our study has provided a reference to the hazards analysis of ammonia storage tank and prevention of leakage of ammonia with a view to providing decision-making basis for emergency treatment of accidentally releases of ammonia. The leakage consequence of the liquefied ammonia can be very serious for production safety and hu- man health protection. And it is in this consideration that great atten- tion should be paid to preparing necessary preventive measures in the production, storage, transportation. And, besides, positive effects are to be taken in order to reduce the adverse impacts to the minimal level, that is, to reduce the harmful effects on human health and ecoenvironmental safety.
出处
《安全与环境学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第6期108-112,共5页
Journal of Safety and Environment
关键词
环境科学技术基础学科
液氨储罐
风险评价
泄漏
防治措施
basic disciplines of environmental science and technology
ammonia tank
risk assessment
leak
preventive measure
