摘要
为分析和预测氨气泄漏的扩散距离及其影响范围,有效控制和降低事故的后果,以大连某化工园区液氨储罐泄漏为背景,对液氨泄漏的扩散规律进行数值仿真研究。首先,基于高斯烟羽模型仿真分析,绘制液氨扩散等值曲线;其次,分析风速、地表粗糙度、大气稳定度、泄漏速率等因素对液氨扩散影响,构建各因素与扩散距离之间的数值关系;第三,分析不同季节、白昼和夜间等典型环境因素对液氨扩散影响以及防范建议;最后,基于数值仿真结果分析,提出液氨储存区域实时监控建议和灾变时期应急疏散措施。研究结果表明,氨气扩散距离和范围随风速增大呈先增后减趋势;扩散距离随地表粗糙度增大而减小;大气越稳定,氨气沿地面的扩散距离和范围越大;氨气在夜晚沿地面的扩散距离和扩散范围远大于白昼。
For analysis and forecast of ammonia leakage diffusion distance and its sphere of influence,in order to control and reduce the accident consequences effectively,taking the liquid ammonia tank of chemical industrial park in Dalian as an example,the liquid ammonia leakage diffusion law were simulated.Firstly,according to the simulation analysis of Gauss smoke plume model,the liquid ammonia diffusion contour curve is plotted.Secondly,basing on the influences analysis of different wind speeds,ground roughness,atmosphere stability and leakage velocity on liquid ammonia diffusion,the relationships of ammonia diffusion distances with these influence factors are constructed.Thirdly,the effects of the typical environments,such as difference season,day and night,on liquid ammonia diffusion are analyzed,and the prediction suggestions are put forward.Finally,the real monitoring and control suggestion for liquid ammonia area,and the emergency evacuation measurements in hazard are provided.Results show that the diffusion distance and range of ammonia present first increased and then decreased tendency with the wind speed increase;the diffusion distance decreases with surface roughness increase;the more stable the atmosphere,the greater the diffusion distance and range of ammonia along with the ground surface;the diffusion distance and diffusion range are far larger in night then in day.
出处
《中国安全科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第9期31-36,共6页
China Safety Science Journal
基金
辽宁省自然科学基金资助(201202022)
大连市科技计划项目(2011E15SF118)
关键词
液氨储罐
泄漏扩散
高斯模型
扩散距离
仿真分析
liquid ammonia storage tank
leakage diffusion
Gaussian model
diffusion distance
