摘要
从经济视角分析材料效率问题,讨论了公共政策对材料有效使用提供市场激励中的角色问题;指出材料效率政策的驱动力不是未来潜在的资源稀缺问题,而是与材料市场相关的外部性和信息不对称;并且,公共政策应该尽可能面向市场失灵,而不是直接针对特定的提高材料效率的方案。由于决策者事前很难确定改善材料生产和使用过程的方法和成本,因此,解决具体环境问题和市场失灵的政策措施将会是一种更有效的提高材料效率的方法。
This paper presents an economic perspective of material efficiency, and discusses the role of public policy in providing market incentives for more efficient use of materials. It has been pointed out that concerns over potential future natural resource scarcities do not represent a motive for introducing policies to foster greater material efficiency but that various externalities and information asymmetries in the relevant material markets do. Moreover, public policy should target the relevant market failures as closely as possible, and avoid policies that directly encourage specific material efficiency options. Owing to ex ante it is difficult for policy makers to know the method and cost to improve material production and use. So policy measures which address particular environmental problems and market failures will be a more effective method to enhance material efficiency.
出处
《工程管理学报》
2012年第5期12-16,共5页
Journal of Engineering Management
基金
国家社会科学基金项目(11CJY040)
中央高校基本科研业务费资助(CDJXS11031120)
关键词
材料效率
稀缺性
外部性
信息不对称
经济视角
material efficiency
scarcity
externality
information asymmetry
economic perspective
