摘要
采用问卷法以344名大学生为被试探讨了神经质、积极情绪、消极情绪、自尊和生活满意度之间的关系。结果发现:(1)相关分析显示,神经质与消极情绪显著正相关,与积极情绪、自尊和生活满意度显著负相关。(2)结构方程模型分析表明,神经质通过积极情绪-自尊中介链和消极情绪-自尊中介链对生活满意度产生间接效应,其对生活满意度的直接效应不显著。这些结果说明神经质预示着个体较多的消极情绪体验、较少的积极情绪体验、较低的自尊水平和较低的生活满意度。
Neumticism refers to individual differences in negative emotional response to threat, frustration, or loss. Neuroticism is op- erationally defined by items referring to irritability, anger, sadness, anxiety, worry, hostility, self-consciousness, and vulnerability. There is emerging evidence from correlational, experimental, and longitudinal studies that neuroticism is positively associated with nega- tive affect, but negatively correlated with positive affect, self-esteem and satisfaction with life. So, neuroticism is related to a wide range of adverse outcomes. To examine the above arguments, this study explored the relations among neureticism, positive affect, negative affect, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life in college students. A total of 344 college students were enrolled in the study. Neuroticism was assessed with the neuroticism scale of the Neo-FFI-R. This widely used scale consists of 12 items that are rated on a 5 - point Likert scale. Positive and negative affect was measured with the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. It consists of two brief subscales, one for positive af- fect, the other for negative affect, each of which comprises 10 adjective words of emotions or feelings. The subjects indicated the extent to which they generally felt that way on a 5 - point Likert scale. Self-esteem was assessed with the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale which comprises ten statements. The participants rated the extent to which they agreed with each statement on a 4 - point Likert scale. Life satisfaction was evaluated with the Satisfaction with Life Scale which consists of five statements. The respondents rated the extent to which they agreed with each statement on a 7 - point Likert scale. The results showed： （ 1 ） Neuroticism is positively related to negative affect, but negatively correlated with positive affect, self-es- teem and life satisfaction. （2） Positive and negative affects mediated the relation between neureticism and self-esteem. Furthermore, self-esteem was found to mediate the relationships between positive and negative affect and life satisfaction. （3） Neureticism didnt have a significantly direct effect on individuals＇life satisfaction, but indirectly affected life satisfaction via two mediational chains, the positive affect-self-esteem mediational chain and the negative affect-self-esteem mediational chain. Both absolute and incremental fit indices in- dicated that the chain mediational model had a good fit to the data. And all latent variable variances and factor loadings were highly sig- nificant. These findings highlight the complex nature of association between neuroticism and life satisfaction. Neuroticism indirectly affects life satisfaction through the positive affect-self-esteem mediational chain and the negative affect-self-esteem mediational chain, but cant directly affect life satisfaction. This study provides new and further evidence that neuroticism is associated with a number of negative life outcomes, including less positive mood, more aversive mood, poor self-esteem, low levels of life satisfaction.
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第5期1254-1260,共7页
Journal of Psychological Science
基金
国家自然科学基金(30970912)
陕西师范大学研究生培养创新基金(2011CXS020)的资助
关键词
神经质
积极情绪
消极情绪
自尊
生活满意度
链式中介
neuroticism, positive affect, negative affect, self-esteem, life satisfaction, chain mediation
