摘要
目的:了解我院抗菌药物的使用情况及医院分离的革兰阴性菌耐药分布,为临床合理使用抗菌药物以及有效控制院内感染提供参考。方法:对我院2009-2011年抗菌药物使用情况与医院感染中革兰阴性菌的耐药情况进行回顾性分析。采用世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐的约定日剂量(DDD)法分析各种抗菌药物的用药频度(DDDs),再根据当年的药敏试验结果分析两者间的相关性。结果:抗菌药物的DDDs在2009-2010年逐年上升,在2011年又呈下降态势。β-内酰胺类药的DDDs在3年中一直占主导地位,氟喹诺酮类药的DDDs3年中逐年降低,氨基糖苷类药和亚胺培南的DDDs3年中逐年增加。革兰阴性菌对第3代头孢菌素的耐药率不断增加,对哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、亚胺培南保持较高的敏感性。结论:细菌耐药与抗菌药物的过多使用有直接关系;应加强对医院感染中病原菌的监测,合理使用抗菌药物,尤其要控制哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、第3代头孢菌素以及亚胺培南在我院的使用量。
OBJECTIVE ： To investigate the use of antimicrobials and the drug resistance of Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria isolated from our hospital, and to provide a reference for the proper use of antimicrobials and the prevention of nosocomial infec- tion. METHODS： The data of antimicrobials use and the drug resistance of Gram-negative bacteria caused nosocomial infection in our hospital were retrospectively summarized from 2009 to 2011. DDDs of antimicrobials were analyzed according to the DDD method recommended by WHO, and further we analyzed the relevance between them based on the results of antimicrobial suscepti- bility testing. RESULTS： The level of DDDs increased from 2009 to 2010, while decreased in 2011. The DDDs of β-lactamase anti- biotics was dominant from 2009 to 2011. The DDDs of fluoroquinolones reduced year by year. But that of aminoglycoside antibiot- ics and imipenem was increasing. The drug resistance rate of third generation cephalosporin against Gram-negative bacteria had in- creased; however, piperacillin/tazobactam and imipenem still remained sensitive. CONCLUSION： The drug resistance is closely as- sociated with the over-use of antimicrobials. The surveillance for pathogen caused nosocomial infection should be enforced. Rational use of antimicrobials is important for preventing bacterial resistance. The DDDs of piperacillin/tazobactam, third generation cephalo- sporin and imipenem should be.controlled in our hospital.
出处
《中国药房》
CAS
CSCD
2012年第42期3974-3977,共4页
China Pharmacy
关键词
抗菌药物
革兰阴性菌
耐药性分析
Antimicrobials
Gram-negative bacteria
Drug resistance analysis
