摘要
通过采出液和采出水处理设施内污油的杂质成分、显微结构和相分离特性的研究,揭示了采出液和采出水处理设施内污油的主要特性:成分复杂,含有大量机械杂质,部分污油中还含有大量微生物;油水界面上吸附有杂质微粒;破乳困难,重力沉降和离心沉降后均残留有未破乳的油水乳状液。采出液和采出水处理设施内污油中的杂质主要为油藏中采出的岩石碎屑和粘土颗粒、钻完井过程中进入油藏的的污染物、以及井场和漏油场地回收落地污油中的粘土颗粒、垢沉积物、腐蚀产物、微生物以及采出水处理中应用的絮凝剂、混凝剂及其作用产物。污油中的碳酸钙和硫化亚铁多为尺寸不大于1μm的小颗粒聚集体,且多附着在石英和粘土颗粒的表面上。
Contaminants, microscopic structures and phase separation behaviors of the slop oils accunmlated in produced fluid and produced water handling facilities were analyzed and evaluated. Constituent complexity, distinct con- tents of contaminants and microorganisms, contaminant particles adsorbed on oil/water interface, tight oil/water emul- sion, incomplete phase separation after gravitational and centrifugal scttlings with significant residual emulsions were summarized as the major features of the slop oils based on the test and examination. The major contaminants in slop oils include rock debris and clay particles from the reservoir, contaminants squeezed into the reservoir during drilling and completion, clay particles in recovered oil spill, scale deposits, corrosion products, microbes, coagulants and floecula- nts used in produced water treatment, and the complex of water clarifiers with some water constituents. Calcite and iron sulfide extracted from slop oils were largely sub-micron deposits on the surface of bigger particles such as quartz and clays.
出处
《精细与专用化学品》
CAS
2012年第10期32-38,共7页
Fine and Specialty Chemicals
关键词
污油
相分离
特性
乳状液
结构
污染物
slop oil
phase separation
feature
emulsion
structure
contaminants
