摘要
目的探讨医科大学生共情能力与父母教养方式的特点及其相互影响,为医科大学生的身心健康做出有益的探究。方法使用父母教养方式量表(EMBU)和人际反应指针量表(IRI),对603名医科大学生进行问卷调查。结果父母的情感温暖理解、拒绝否认和母亲惩罚严厉得分男生低于女生,父亲的惩罚严厉和过度保护得分男生高于女生;父母的过分干涉及母亲的情感温暖理解和惩罚严厉得分独生子女高于非独生子女,父亲偏爱被试则是独生子女低于非独生子女;父母的情感温暖理解和过分干涉得分市县学生高于乡镇学生,而父母的偏爱被试则是乡镇学生高于市县学生,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。想象力、共情性关心和个人痛苦男生低于女生;共情性关心和个人痛苦独生子女低于非独生子女;共情性关心市县学生低于乡镇学生,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。父母教养方式与人际反应指数多个因子间呈显著相关(P值均<0.05)。结论父母积极的教养方式有利于子女共情能力的发展,消极的教养方式抑制共情能力的发展。
Objective To study the characteristics of college students’ empathy and parental rearing patterns,as well as the mutual influence between them.Methods Six hundred and three medical students served as the samples and tested by using the parental rearing patterns（Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran,EMBU） and Interpersonal Reactivity Index（IRI）.Results Boys scored lower than girls on parental emotional warmth and understanding,refusal and deny,but boys scored higher than girls on paternal stern punishment and overprotection.The only-child scored higher than the non-only-child on parental over intervention and maternal emotional warmth and understanding and stern punishment,but the only child scored lower than non-only child on paternal partiality.The urban students scored higher than the rural on parental emotional warmth and understanding,but the rural ones scored higher than the urban ones on parental partiality（P〈0.05）.The boys scored lower than girls on imagination,empathy concerns and personal pains;the only-child scored lower than the non-only-child on empathy concerns and personal pains;the urban students scored lower than the rural ones on empathy concerns（P〈0.01）.Parental rearing patterns were obviously correlated with some factors of IRI.Conclusion The positive ways of parental rearing patterns can benefit the children’s empathy ability development,while the negative ways inhibit it.
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2012年第1期28-30,共3页
Chinese Journal of School Health
关键词
人际关系
教育
对比研究
学生
医科
Interpersonal relations； Education； Comparative study； Students,medical
