摘要
目的探讨重症监护室（ICU）护士与普通病房护士的应付方式与焦虑状况及相关性。方法选取ICU护士84例及同医院病房护士77例为研究对象。采用一般调查表、应付方式问卷（CSQ）与焦虑自评量表（SAS）对两组进行调查研究，比较两组应付因子评分及其影响因素、焦虑发生率及程度，并分析应付方式与焦虑的相关性。结果在应用“求助”这一成熟型的应付方式中ICU护士得分（0．694±0．175）分高于病房护士（0．631±0．212）分；在应用“自责”这一不成熟型应付方式中ICU护士得分（0．262±0．237）分低于病房护士（0．349±0．262）分，差异有统计学意义（t分别为2．043，-2．220；P〈0．05）。两组焦虑发生率比较无统计学意义（P〉0．05），但ICU护士焦虑得分（39．37±8．905）分低于病房护士（42．53±8．573）分，差异具有统计学意义（t=-2．292，P〈0．05）。ICU护士的应对方式与年龄、职称无相关关系（r分别为-0．060，-0．054；P〉0．05），但病房护士的应对方式与年龄和职称呈负相关（r分别为-0．237，-0．251；P〈0．05）。“解决问题”与“求助”成熟型应付方式与焦虑呈负相关（r分别为一0．267，-0．177；P〈0．05或P〈0．01）；“退避”、“自责”、“幻想”不成熟型应对方式及“合理化”混合型应付方式与焦虑呈正相关（r分别为0．329，0．304，0．330，0．287；P〈0．01）。结论提高护士的应付方式有助于减轻其心理压力和焦虑水平。
Objective To explore the stress coping style and anxiety status of intensive care unit （ICU） and general ward（referred to as ward） nurses and the relation between stress coping style and anxiety status. Methods Totals of 84 ICU nurses and 77 ward nurses were investigated with general information questionnaire, coping style questionnaire （CSQ） and self rating anxiety scale （ SAS）, and compared coping factors score,influencing factors, anxiety incidence and degree between ICU group and ward group, and analysed the relation between stress coping style and anxiety status. Results The ＂seeking help＂ （mature coping style） score of ICU nurses group was（0. 694 ± 0. 175 ） higher than （0. 631± 0. 212） in ward group, and the score of immature style ＂self-accusation＂ in ICU group was （ 0. 262 ± 0. 237 ） lower than （ 0. 349 ± 0. 262 ） in ward group, difference was statistically significant （ t = 2. 043, - 2. 220, respectively; P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was no significant difference in anxiety incidence was found, but anxiety score of ICU group was（39.37 ± 8. 905） lower than ward group（42.53± 8. 573 ）, and the difference was statistically significant （ t = - 2. 292, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Coping style was no relation with age, professional title in ICU group （ r = - 0. 060, - 0. 054, respectively; P 〉 0.05 ）, while coping style was negatively correlated with age, professional title in ward group （ r = - 0. 237, - 0. 251, respectively; P 〈0. 05 ）. ＂solving problem＂, ＂seeking help＂ were negatively correlated with anxiety （r = - 0. 267, - 0. 177, respectively ; P 〈 0. 05 or P 〈 0. 01 ）. ＂ Shirk＂, ＂self-accusation＂ and ＂illusion＂ （immature coping styles） and ＂rationalization＂（ combined coping style） were positively correlated with anxiety （r = O. 329,0. 304,0. 330,0. 287, respectively;P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions Improving coping style of nurses can help to reduce nurses＇ psychological stress and anxiety.
出处
《中华现代护理杂志》
2012年第3期281-284,共4页
Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing
关键词
护士
焦虑
重症监护室
应付方式
普通病房
Nurse
Anxiety
Intensive care unit
Coping style
General ward
