摘要
目的提高护士工作效率,增加其工作满意度,减少护理人员流失,提高护理质量。方法采用问卷调查法,对915名临床护士的人口学特征、工作压力程度以及压力与压力源、压力应对、社会支持状况之间的关系进行分析。结果多元逐步回归分析表明:压力得分的负向作用因素有护理人员的佣工性质、相信事情会变好、贪吃食物、设立解决问题的具体目标;正向作用因素有压力源指标中工资及福利待遇低、工作无成就感、需要不断学习才能胜任现有的工作、工作量太大;压力应对指标中担心、哭泣、干体力活、紧张有些神经质、独处、将问题化解、接受现实、回避、认为事情无望而听之任之。结论建议通过管理措施减少或消除压力正向作用因素,提供护士压力释放的组织和设施;通过培训提高护士压力应对能力,促进其心理健康。
Objective To enhance the productivity and job satisfaction of nurses and quality of care to the patients. Methods The investigation object were staff nurses (n=915). By using a questionnaire method, the demographic information, job stress, and the relationship between stress and stress resource, stress coping, social support was analyzed. Results Stepwise multiple regression procedure revealed a negative relationship between the stress level and the type of work contracts, believes in things will be better, over-eating (chewing gums, nuts), setting goals for problem solving; and a positive relationship between stress level and low salary and inadequate welfare, no work achievement, continuous learning needed to be qualified for present work, unreasonable work load, worry, crying, doing physical work, nervousness, solitude, accepting the fact, avoidance, hopelessly letting things be in this sample of nurses. Conclusion Actions should be taken to reduce or eliminate the stressors. Nurses should be warned of job stress and be trained to copy stress effectively. Supporting facilities are supposed to be provided for nurses when they are stressed. Managers need to make stress management a career skill and take good care of their staff.
关键词
护理人员
压力源
应对措施
社会支持
数据收集
staff nurses
stressors
coping strategies
social support
data collection
