摘要
目的掌握大理州鼠疫疫源地的疫情动态、流行规律,为鼠疫流行趋势的预测、预警和制定防制对策提供科学依据。方法按《全国鼠疫监测方案》和《云南省鼠疫监测方案》,2008-2010年大理州开展鼠疫宿主、媒介和病原学监测。结果捕获的啮齿动物隶属2目3科7属15种。其中家鼠鼠疫疫区室内外均以黄胸鼠、褐家鼠为优势种;野鼠鼠疫疫区室内以黄胸鼠、褐家鼠为优势种,室外以齐氏姬鼠、大绒鼠为优势种。啮齿动物检蚤隶属1目4科9属9种,其中黄胸鼠、褐家鼠体表均以印鼠客蚤、缓慢细蚤为主;齐氏姬鼠体表以棕形额蚤、特新蚤指名亚种为主;大绒鼠体表以方叶栉眼蚤为主,特新蚤指名亚种及棕形额蚤为次要染带蚤种。动物检菌17 649份,媒介检菌7549份,鼠血清检验7391份,均为阴性。结论大理州家野鼠鼠疫疫源地主要宿主和媒介种群、构成、密度和指数相对较稳定,疫情也相对稳定,但毗邻的丽江地区近几年连续发生鼠疫疫情,故应加强疫情监测和切实做好各项应急准备工作。
Objective To determine the epidemic dynamics and epidemiological patterns to inform the prediction, warning and countermeasure developmens to plague in Dali. Methods Monitoring of plague hosts, vectors and etiology was conducted in the state from 2008 to 2010 in accordance with the National and Yunnan Provincial Plague Monitoring Programs. Results Rodents belonging to 15 species, 7 genera, 3 families of 2 orders were collected. Rattus tanezumi and R. norvegicus were the dominant species both indoor and outdoor. Apodemus chevrieri and Eothenomys miletus were predominant in the field. Nine species, 9 genera, 4 families of 1 order of rodent-borne fleas were found. Leptopsylla segnis and Xenopsylla cheopis were mainly seen on R. norvegicus, X. cheopis and L. segnis on R. norvegicus, Frontopsylla spadix and Neopsylla specialis specialis on A. chevrieri, and Ctenophthalmus quadratus on E. miletus. F. spadix and N. specialis specialis were the secondary vectors. A total of 17 649 animal samples, 7549 vector samples and 7391 rodent serum samples were detected and found negative. Conclusion Despite stable composition of hosts, vectors, density and indices in the natural foci of plague in Dali, continuous occurrence of plague epidemics in recent years along Lijiang region warranted an intensified monitoring and sound preparation.
出处
《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2011年第6期603-605,共3页
Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control
关键词
鼠疫
监测
分析
Plague
Monitoring
Analysis
