摘要
当我们将审视焦点从法律三段论的外貌转向其内在要素——事实前提和法律前提,并进一步寻找这些前提的支撑基础时,一个全新的法律论证结构暴露出来:若干可能的或合情理的论证(合情论证、论证型式、论式推理)支持两个前提,使得我们有理由假定到目前为止对两个前提没道理怀疑。然而,亚里士多德于分析性推理理论之外开创的并在中世纪传统中广泛应用的论式理论系统,被现代逻辑理论和法律逻辑理论遗忘了。幸运的是,上世纪50年代以来,敏锐的逻辑学者和法律学者,分别在法律领域和逻辑领域复兴了论式理论。当代关于论式的界定、功能、结构、分类、评估、经验基础和文化特异性的研究已在多个学科展开,初步形成了论式理论的基本框架。一种周全、可应用的法律逻辑有必要整合法学"论题学"和论式的逻辑理论,以丰富法律逻辑的内容与方法。
When we transfer the examining focus from the appearance of legal syllogism to its intrinsic elements-premise about fact and premise about law and further find out the support base for these premises,a completely new structure of legal argumentation will be exposed： several probable or reasonable argument（plausible argument,argument schemes,topical reasoning）support these two premises,which makes us have reasons to assume that there is no doubt on these two premises so far.However,the topoi created by Aristotle in addition to analytical reasoning theory,which is widely used in the medieval tradition is forgotten by modern logical theory and legal logical theory.Fortunately,since the 1950s,the keen logical scholars and legal scholars,revived topoi in the field of law and logic respectively.The research on the definition,function,structure,classification,evaluation,experience base and cultural specificity has been developed in a lot of subjects in contemporary era and formed a basic framework of topoi theory.To a kind of comprehensive and applicable legal logic,it is necessary to integrate ＂Topics＂ of jurisprudence and the logical theory of topoi for enriching the contents and methods of legal logic.
出处
《政法论丛》
2011年第6期39-53,共15页
Journal of Political Science and Law
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"非形式逻辑重大前沿问题研究"(2009JJD720022)之子课题"论证型式研究"中期成果
关键词
论式
事实前提
法律前提
证据证明
法律解释
非形式逻辑
法律逻辑
topoi
premise about fact
premise about law
proof of evidence
legal interpretation
informal logic
legal logic
