摘要
针对胜利油田特超稠油因黏度过高而难以集输的问题,研究水热处理对其改质降黏的效果,探讨水热处理在稠油集输过程中应用的可行性。通过水热反应工艺参数的调变及黏度、元素组成、四组分组成、馏分分布、盐含量等分析,发现水热处理能有效降低胜利油田特超稠油的黏度,水热处理后稠油的黏度主要由裂化转化率决定;通过添加催化剂,改变水热处理温度和水热处理时间,可以有效控制稠油的裂化转化率。加入合适的催化剂,提高水热反应温度,延长反应时间,皆利于提高稠油的裂化转化率。加入催化剂,可降低水热反应温度和缩短反应时间。在多孔炭质催化剂A存在下,反应温度330℃、反应时间60min时,胜利特超稠油的裂化转化率高达30.11%,黏度由水热反应前的52 410mPa.s降低至水热反应后的1 536mPa.s,降黏率高达97.07%。水热改质后油品的流动性较好,可作为普通原油进行集输,表明水热处理在稠油集输过程中具有良好的应用前景。
Shengli extra-heavy crude oil was aquathermolysis treated under low temperature with the aim of reducing its viscosity for better gathering and transferring. Analyses of viscosity, elemental composition,SARA （saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltines）, fraction distribution and salt content of crude samples treated under various aquathermolysis conditions were carried out. It was found that the viscosity of Shengli extra-heavy crude could be significantly reduced by aquathermolysis treatment, and the viscosity of the treated crude was heavily depended on the cracking conversion. The cracking conversion of extra-heavy crude could be enhanced by adding catalyst, increase aquathermolysis temperature and time effectively. With the presence of suitable catalyst, the treated temperature was lower and trea- ted time was shortened. Using a coke base porosity catalyst A, under the conditions of an aquathermolys- is temperature of 330 ℃ and a treated time of 60 rain,the cracking conversion reached 30. 11% ,the viscosity of Shengli extra-heavy crude was dropped to 1 536 mPa ~ s from the original of 52 410 mPa s,a viscosity reduction rate of 97.07% was obtained. The fluidity of the treated crude was improved significantly and it can be gathered and transferred as conventional crude, which indicates that the application of aquathermolysis in the field of pipeline transporting heavy crude is promising.
出处
《石油炼制与化工》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第9期37-42,共6页
Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals
基金
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-10-0768)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(20876176)
教育部科学技术研究重点项目(109100)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(09CX04037A)
山东省博士基金(2008BS09013)资助
关键词
特超稠油
水热反应
降黏
集输
extra-heavy crude oil
aquathermolysis
viscosity break
gathering and delivering
