摘要
高温水环境条件下发生的稠油水热裂解反应可使稠油重质组分明显降解,改善油品并降低黏度。气溶、油溶、水溶型镍催化剂均可在高温下明显催化稠油的水热裂解反应,降低稠油黏度,与无催化剂时相比,生成气体量分别增加49%、41%和21%。气溶、油溶、水溶型镍催化剂复配后(最佳质量比1∶1∶2),可使稠油采收率增加至8.5%,并使多孔介质中油样的黏度和平均相对分子质量分别下降89.6%、23%,胶质沥青质含量明显降低。先导性现场试验表明:每口井的试验周期稠油产量比上周期增加了81.2～226.1 t(未考虑周期递减率);开井生产30 d后,胶质沥青质减少,饱和烃与芳香烃增加,采出稠油的250℃馏分中轻组分明显增加。
The improvement of oil quality and the reduction of viscosity could be obtained due to the degradation of heavy component in heavy oil during aquathermolysis reaction in the presence of high-temperatured water.Any nickel catalyst of gas-soluble,oil-soluble and water-soluble could obviously accelerate catalytic aquathermolysis reaction under high temperature conditions,as a result of which,the viscosity was reduced and the amount of generated gas with catalysts was of 49%,41% and 21% more than that without catalyst respectively.Three types of catalysts in optimum mass ratio 1∶1∶2 were mixed to catalyze aquathermolysis,contributing to the oil recovery up to 8.5%,the viscosity reduction rate of 89.6%,a decrease of 23% of the average molecular weight,and an obviously decline in the content of resins and asphaltenes in heavy oil.The results of pilot test showed that heavy oil production of every well in test cycle is of 81.2～226.1 t more than that in previous cycle without considering the cycle declining rate.After 30 days＇ operation,the content of resin and asphaltene decreased and that of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons increased.The fraction of light components in heavy oil produced from test well was also evidently augmented at 250℃.
出处
《油田化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第2期132-136,共5页
Oilfield Chemistry
基金
国家重大基础研究项目前期研究专项"稠油中沥青质井下裂解机理研究及应用"(项目编号2005CCA06200)
国家科技重大专项课题"提高稠油蒸汽驱效率技术"(项目编号2008ZX05012-001)
黑龙江省教育厅基金项目"大庆外围稠油油藏催化降黏机理及开采技术研究"(项目编号10551z0002)
关键词
水热裂解
稠油
镍催化剂
气溶
油溶
水溶
采收率
族组成
碳数分布
先导试验
辽河油田
aquathermolysis
heavy oil
nickel catalyst
gas-soluble
oil-soluble
water-soluble
oil recovery
group composition
carbon number distribution
pilot test
Liaohe oil fields
