摘要
目的了解陕西省医务人员锐器伤的发生情况,为制定预防措施提供科学依据。方法采用问卷调查方法,对陕西省11所医院2009年1月-2010年1月的锐器伤的发生进行横断面调查。结果 9088名调查对象中37.81%在最近1年内有过锐器伤经历,平均发生率为1.44次/(人.年);护士(45.43%)、工作5～10年(45.92%)是锐器伤发生的高危人群;锐器伤发生较多的地点为普通病房(45.73%)及手术室(27.24%);静脉输液头皮针(33.91%)、注射器针头(27.09%)、缝合针(19.76%)是造成医务人员锐器伤的主要医疗器具;将针头放入锐器盒(16.48%)、回套针帽(14.16%)、手术缝合(13.99%)及医疗废物处置(11.58%)等操作是造成医务人员锐器伤的主要环节;在已知暴露源的情况下,血源性疾病暴露率达27.40%,锐器伤后上报率仅为3.12%。结论锐器伤是医疗卫生机构中常见的职业伤害,应通过减少不必要的医疗操作、推行使用安全器械、改变错误的习惯行为、实施标准的安全防护等措施,以切实降低锐器伤的发生率。
OBJECTIVE To investigate incidence of sharp injuries in Shaanxi and provide the reference for taking effective measures to reduce incidence of the sharp injuries.METHODS A retrospective questionnaire was performed in 11 hospitals of Shaanxi Province from Jan 2009 to Jan 2010.RESULTS Sharp injuries occurred in 3436 of 9088（37.81%） medical personnels in the last year,the average rate was 1.44 times per person in one year;which the nurses（45.43%）,5-10 years working（45.92%）,general wards（45.73%） and operating room（27.24%） occurred more.The scalp vein infusion needle（33.91%）,syringe needles（27.09%）,suture needles（19.76%） are major medical equipments which the sharp injuries caused by;Putting the needle into the sharps box（16.48%）,putting needle cap back（14.16%）,surgical suture（13.99%） and medical waste disposal（11.58%） are the key elements of sharp injuries;The blood-borne diseases accounted for 40% of the known sources of exposure,while the rate of reporting was only 3.12% after injurying.CONCLUSION Sharp injury is common in medical and health institutions,so some actions should be taken effectively to reduce the incidence of sharp injuries by reducing unnecessary medical procedures,using safety equipments,changing the wrong habits of behavior and so on.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第12期2505-2507,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
锐器伤
医务人员
职业防护
医院感染
Sharp instrument injury
Medical personnel
Occupational protection
Nosocomial infection
