摘要
为了检验即刻学习判断对内外部线索的敏感性,实验一被试为22名高中生,材料为三列含15个词语的清单,先逐个呈现词语系列位置信息,被试在学习前进行即刻学习判断,结果发现学习判断有显著首因效应,表明学习判断对系列位置信息这一外部线索比较敏感。实验二被试为20名高中生,先逐个呈现词语系列位置信息,被试在学习后进行即刻学习判断,结果发现学习判断同样有显著首因效应,表明学习判断对内部线索的敏感性并未强于外部线索。
Serial position information is one of the extrinsic cues of judgments of learning.Koriat outlined a cue utilization approach to judgments of learning（JOLs）,which stated that intrinsic and extrinsic cues could influence judgments of learning via different mechanisms.The present research was conducted to further explore the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic cues on immediate judgments of learning by examining the serial position effects of immediate judgments of learning.The aim of the first experiment was to examine the effects of extrinsic cues on judgments of learning.22 senior high school students took part in it with the pre-JOLs technology adopted.The participants studied 3 lists of 15 in words which each word was displayed for 2 seconds respectively.Before studying each word,the serial positioned information of extrinsic cues was present,and then the participants were asked to make immediate judgment of learning of the upcoming word.The learning word was presented after judgment.After a list of words study,a final free recall test was given.The results showed that there were primacy and recency effects in the recall,and only primacy effects in the immediate judgments of learning;what＇s more,there was high correlation between recall and immediate judgment of learning.It was suggested that immediate judgments of learning were sensitive to extrinsic cues.The purpose of the second experiment was to compare the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic cues on immediate judgments of learning.20 senior high school students took part in the second experiment,in which intrinsic and extrinsic cues were all present before immediate judgments of learning.More specifically,after the appearance of the serial position information of a word,the relevant word was present subsequently in 2 seconds.Then the participants were asked to make an immediate judgment of learning for each word after learning.After a list of words study,a final free recall test was given.The results also showed that there were primacy effects in the recall,and only primacy effects in the immediate judgments of learning.What＇s more,there was a significant correlation between recall and immediate judgment of learning.It was suggested that when intrinsic and extrinsic cues were all present,there was no more sensibility of intrinsic cues than extrinsic cues to immediate judgments of learning.These results were in accordance with Koriat＇s framework regarding the effects of extrinsic cues of serial position information on immediate judgments of learning.In addition,Koriat believes that sensibility of intrinsic cues are more than extrinsic cues to judgments of learning.However,the present research found that there was no more sensibility of intrinsic cues than extrinsic cues to judgments of learning.Maybe it was because when choosing a cue for making judgment of learning,students would compare the significance of two cues,and then would select the dominant one.The results of the present study and further investigatons will be beneficial to the enrich ment of the framework of cue utilization approach of judgments of learning.
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第2期418-422,共5页
Journal of Psychological Science
关键词
即刻学习判断
系列位置效应
内部线索
外部线索
immediate judgments of learning
serial position effects
intrinsic cues
extrinsic cues
