摘要
目的了解我国产品伤害的特点,探索在我国建立以医院为基础的产品伤害监测系统模式,为今后开展产品伤害预防控制工作提供基础资料和科学依据。方法选取两个全国伤害监测系统监测点作为试点,在试点地区6所监测医院由护士或医生填写统一制定的《产品伤害监测报告卡》,收集伤害就诊患者的伤害及相关产品信息。结果共上报有效伤害病例数39 573例,其中与产品相关的伤害25 102例（63.43%）。涉及人次数居前三位的产品依次为道路交通工具（25.52%）、公共场所设施（23.45%）和家庭用品（21.82%）。产品相关伤害中,男性占67.05%,主要发生在25~44岁（42.86%）、20~24岁（16.51%）和45~64岁（11.95%）。主要发生原因为跌倒/坠落（31.36%）、道路交通伤害（28.12%）和钝器伤（20.08%）;主要伤害部位为上肢（33.34%）、头部（24.16%）和下肢（23.59%）;主要伤害性质是挫伤/擦伤（41.94%）、锐器伤/咬伤/开放伤（41.13%）和扭伤/拉伤（10.48%）;以非故意伤害（94.15%）、轻度伤害（84.04%）和接受治疗后回家（87.00%）为主。结论男性和25~44岁青壮年是产品相关伤害的主要影响人群,道路交通工具、公共场所设施和家庭用品是伤害涉及的主要产品类型,应针对上述特点进一步挖掘信息,针对性地采取有效的预防措施,为制定产品伤害管理政策、策略提供基础信息。以医院为基础的产品伤害监测模式收集产品伤害基础信息在我国可行。
Objective To explore a feasible means of monitoring product-related injuries based on hospital-based injury surveillance system that would expand to the whole country in the future.Data from the system could provide further knowledge of product-related injury for prevention and control.Methods Two sites（one in city and one in county） were selected from Chinese National Injury Surveillance System as pilot field.Information about the general injury status and patient information was collected from each of the six hospitals in the two sites by a doctor or nurse for every first-time emergency or outpatient visit involving injury.Results Altogether,25 102（63.43%） of the total 39 573 reported injury visits were related to at least one product.The main kinds of products involved in the visits were road transport tools（25.52%）,facilities in public places（23.45%） and house wares（21.82%） successively.The product-related injuries were most in patients aged 25-44 years（42.86%）,20-24 years（16.51%）,and 45-64 years（11.95%）,and most（67.05%） were male.The leading causes were falls（31.36%）,road traffic injuries（28.12%） and blunt injuries（20.08%）.The most injured body parts were upper limb（33.34%）,head（24.16%） and lower limb（23.59%）.The most common natures of injury were bruise（41.94%）,sharp/bite/open injury（41.13%） and sprain/strain（10.48%）.Most injury cases were unintentional（94.15%）,minor（84.04%）,and going home after treated（87.00%）.Conclusion The hospital-based product-related injury surveillance system worked as a feasible means of continuous collecting of product-related injuries.Male,adults aged 25-44 years accounted for the majority of product-related injuries according to the study.Further efforts should be devoted to system improvement and information digging for development,implement and evaluation of policies and measures on consumer product safety.
出处
《中国健康教育》
2011年第2期95-98,共4页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
科技部产品伤害调查项目
关键词
产品
伤害
监测
医院
Consumer product
Injury
Surveillance
Hospital
