摘要
目的 了解中国老年伤害门急诊就诊情况的分布特点.方法 对2006-2008年因伤害首次在全国伤害监测系统哨点医院门急诊室就诊的60岁及以上老年伤害病例进行描述性分析.结果 2006-2008年老年伤害的发生原因前三位是跌倒/坠落、道路交通伤害和钝器伤,合计占老年伤害的70%以上.3年中老年伤害发生地点集中于家中（46.25%、44.44%、46.23%）、公路/街道（30.95%、28.51%、28.61%）和公共居住场所（8.89%、11.57%、11.25%）.3年中老年伤害发生时的活动主要为休闲活动（42.14%、48.09%、48.59%）、家务/学习（21.15%、18.21%、18.15%）、驾乘交通工具（13.67%、13.80%、13.56%）.3年中老年伤害病例以非故意伤害为主（91.34%、92.84%、93.09%）,老年自残/自杀的伤害发生原因主要为中毒和刀/锐器伤.3年中老年伤害的伤害性质主要为挫伤、擦伤（36.07%、38.18%、38.50%）,骨折（25.65%、22.47%、23.77%）,锐器伤、咬伤、开放伤（17.19%、18.21%、17.46%）;伤害部位集中于头部（26.32%、25.59%、25.90%）、下肢（25.74%、25.70%、25.26%）、上肢（21.01%、21.14%、21.37%）;严重程度以轻度为主（60.53%、65.09%、63.58%）;伤害结局以治疗后回家为主（64.11%、68.53%、67.99%）.结论 2006-2008年全国伤害监测老年伤害病例占总伤害病例的比例逐年上升,病例分布特征无明显变化.跌倒/坠落是我国老年人高发并造成严重影响的伤害类型.
Objective To describe the distribution of injuries among the elderly through hospital based National Injury Surveillance System （NISS）, and to provide basic information for prevention of injury among the elderly. Methods Data on injuries among the elderly aged 60 years and above was descriptively analyzed from the Chinese NISS from 2006 to 2008. Using the data of NISS from 2006 to 2008, information was collected on those cases who were diagnosed as injuries for the first-time in the site hospitals. Information included demographic characteristics, features of the injury events, and clinical characteristics of injuries. SPSS 16.0 software was used for data analysis.Results The leading causes of injuries among the elderly were： falls, road traffic injuries, and blunt injuries, which were in total accounting for more than 70% of all the injuries among the elderly. Most of the injuries occurred at home （46.25 %, 44.44%, 46.23 % ）, on the roads （ 30.95%, 28.51%, 28.61% ）and in the public residences （8.89%, 11.57%, 11.25% ）. Recreation activates （42.14%, 48.09%,48.59%） ,housework/study （21.15%, 18.21%, 18.15%） and driving （13.67%, 13.80%, 13.56%） were the three major activities when injuries took place. Most injuries among the elderly were unintentional （91.34%, 92.84%, 93.09% ）. The leading causes of suicide of the elderly were poisoning and sharp injury. The most common natures of injuries were bruise （36.07%, 38.18%, 38.50% ）, fractures （25.65%, 22.47%, 23.77% ）, and sharp/bite/open injuries （ 17.19%, 18.21%, 17.46% ） while the most injured part of bodies were head （26.32%, 25.59%, 25.90%）, lower limbs （25.74%, 25.70%, 25.26%）and upper limbs （21.01%,21.14%,21.37%）. Most of the injuries were minor ones （60.53%,65.09%,63.58% ）, and patients mostly went home after treatment （64.11%, 68.53%, 67.99% ）. Conclusion According to NISS, the proportion of injuries among the elderly in all injuries kept increasing from 2006 to 2008, while distribution of injuries among the elderly being stable. Falls was the most common injury type for the elderly which also brought along bad outcome. Falls was the priority for injury prevention among the elderly.
出处
《中华流行病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第8期890-893,共4页
Chinese Journal of Epidemiology
关键词
伤害监测
医院
老年
分布特征
Injury surveillance
Hospital
Elderly
Distribution characteristics
