摘要
利用5个品质亲本与7个农艺亲本杂交组成5×7 NC Ⅱ设计,分析了普通小麦品质及其它农艺性状的杂种优势和配合力,结果表明:1.杂种优势:产量及产量性状具有较大的正向杂种优势。籽粒蛋白含量、面筋含量及沉淀值等品质性状的杂种优势低于产量性状的杂种优势,其中籽粒蛋白含量和面筋含量主要表现负向优势,而沉淀值主要是正向优势。2.配合力:籽粒蛋白质含量、面筋含量、千粒重、株高及有效小穗数主要受基因加性遗传效应影响。沉淀值、单株粒重及单株粒数既受基因加性效应的影响,又受基因非加性效应的影响。亲本的一般配合力效应和组合内双亲的特殊配合力效应因性状不同表现有很大差异,亲本的一般配合力效应同亲本本身的发现没有必然的联系。讨论了配合力在亲本选配中的作用,并对参试亲本进行了评价。
Using 35 F_1 crosses made between 5 quality parents (female)and 7 agronomic parents (male)and their parents(in Triticum aestivum L.),the heterosis and com- bining ability of certain quality and agronomic characters of wheat were studied with the following results: (1)Heterosis studys the heterosis of yield and yield characters was greater and positive.The heterosis of quality characters such as grain protein content (GPC),gluten content and sedimentation value was lower than that of agronomic characters.Among the quality characters,the heterosis of GPC was usually negative.While that of sedimentation value was positive. (2)Combining ability analysis: GPC,gluten content,plant height and effective spikelet number were mainly controlled by genes of additive effects.Sedimen- tation value,grain weight and number of grain per plant were controlled by genes of additive effects and non-additive effects.TheGCA and SCA of various crosses differed from one trait to another.However,there seemed to be no correlation between the GCA and the performance of the parents themselves.
关键词
小麦
性状
杂种优势
配合力
Tritioum aestivum L.
grain protein content
gluten content
sed imentation value
heterosis
combining ability analysis
