摘要
关于儿童心理洞察力发展的研究开始于８０年代初期，心理学家将个体认识自己和他人心理状态的系统性知识结构统称为个体的“心态理论”（ｔｈｅｏｒｙｏｆｍｉｎｄ）模式。在这个模式中包含着人的各种社会心理因素，如思想、信念、愿望、意图、情感等，各因素间里逻辑性联系，该模式为人的行为提供一种因果性解释机制。“心态理论”模式的发展对儿童社会认知、适应性行为以及元认知等方面的发展都具有重要促进作用。该研究涉及许多具体方面，本文主要提及下述几方面的研究：儿童早期对情绪的理解、儿童早期对伪误言行的理解以及儿童孤独症的表现等。大部分研究发现，３—４岁是儿童早期心理洞察力发展的重要年龄。
The researches On the development of children'smental understandingwere started in the early 1980s.Since then the 'theory of mind' has been used by psychologists to represent a systematic structure ofknowledge, according to which a person can understand oneself and other's mental states. The 'theoryof mind' consists of different kinds of social psychological elements including thoughts, beliefs, desires,intentions. emotions and so on. Among these factors,there are logical links. A major function of the theoryis to offer a causal-explanatory framework for humanbehaviors. Children's social cognition. pro-social behaviors and metacognltlon will be improved by the theory. Some aspects of the relevant researches are brieflysummarized ill this article: young children's understanding of emotions, understanding of deception andlying, and autistic children's behaviors. Most studiesshowed that the age of 3 to 4 is the critical age for children to develop their mental understanding.
出处
《心理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
1999年第4期314-317,共4页
Journal of Psychological Science
关键词
社会认知
心态理论
元表征
儿童
social cognition, theory of mend,metarepresentation, autism.
