摘要
挑选不同花纹并且性腺成熟较好的文蛤亲贝进行阴干刺激,在水温约30℃,海水相对密度1.016-1.018,pH 7.9-8.1的条件下采用升温刺激、异性产物等诱导方法促使其产卵排精。共育出2组文蛤苗种。亲贝于2004年6月30日（即自交组）排放的精卵经过受精后,受精卵在底面积为0.1m2、体积为60 L的水桶中,经过孵化、附着变态等生长发育过程,至9月6日,共得到平均壳长2.18mm,壳高1.87 mm的稚贝8703个,共15.57 g;经过室内培养至12月8日,测量得到壳长8.32 mm,壳高7.03 mm的幼贝1843个,共150 g。至2005年6月28日,得到壳长19.22 mm,壳高16.39 mm文蛤2.5 kg。亲贝于7月9日（即杂交组）排放的精卵受精后,经孵化、附着变态等生长发育过程,至9月6日,共得到平均壳长4.19 mm,壳高3.71 mm的稚贝12721个,共102.50 g。至12月8日,测量得到壳长15.32 mm,壳高12.93 mm的幼贝4999个,共4000 g。2005年6月28日,称量得到壳长28.06mm,壳高22.73 mm文蛤30 kg。在文蛤幼虫培育及稚贝培育过程中,观察了文蛤稚贝生长状况及贝壳花纹的形成变化过程。试验中发现文蛤稚贝生长状况较好,并且稚贝在生长发育过程中贝壳出现不同形状的花纹。
The hybridization and self-fertilization of clam Meretrix meretrix which have different decorative pattern on the shell were conducted on June and July of 2004.The matured clams were induced to spawn by dried and so on.At the range of water temperature of 30 ℃,pH 7.9-8.1,and a salt water density from 1.016 to 1.018,it was the fastest on larvae growth and metamorphosis.After metamorphosis and settlement,the postlarvae were reared in ponds with substrate condition.On the sixth of September,about 8703 larvae in the were obtained self-fertilization group total 15.57 g,with average 2.18 mm in shell length and 1.87 mm in shell width.The hybridization group was about 12721 and 102.50 g,with 4.19 mm in shell length and 3.71 mm in shell width.On the eighth of December,we got about 1843 larvae in the self-fertilization group total 150 g,with 8.32 mm in shell length and 7.03 mm in shell width.The hybridization group was about 4999 and 4000 g,with 15.32 mm in shell length and12.93 mm in shell width.On the twenty-eighth of June,2005,the larvae of self-fertilization group were achieved about 2.5 kg,with 19.22 mm in shell length and 16.39 mm in shell width.The hybridization group was about 30 kg,with 28.06 mm in shell length and 22.73 mm in shell width.The ecological habits of the juvenile and the formation of decorative pattern on the shell were observed during the juvenile cultivation.
出处
《水产科学》
CAS
北大核心
2010年第7期403-407,共5页
Fisheries Science
基金
国家海洋"863"计划项目(2002-AA-603014)
长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目
宁波市科技局资助项目(2004C0163)
关键词
文蛤
花纹
杂交
良种繁育
Meretrix meretrix
decorative pattern
hybrization
seed-rearing
