摘要
目的了解陕西公众结核病知识核心信息知晓情况,为更有效地开展结核病防治健康教育提供依据。方法采用分层系统随机抽样方法,在全省抽取7个县区共8119名城乡居民。使用统一设计的调查问卷对调查对象进行入户面对面询问式调查。结果调查对象的核心信息总知晓率为49.5%,其中男性总知晓率为52.0%,女性为47.0%,城区居民总知晓率为62.7%,农村居民为47.5%。自述周围有人患有肺结核病的人群,其核心信息总知晓率为60.9%。12~19岁组、小学及以下文化程度者、学生和农民知晓率较低。调查对象对肺结核病的传染性、传播途径的知晓率较高,而一半或超过一半的调查对象不知道当地有检查和治疗结核病的专门机构、结核病人应到专门机构检查治疗、国家有免费检查治疗政策、不应该歧视结核病人,尤其是对＂咳嗽咳痰3周以上或有咯血、血痰症状者应怀疑得了肺结核病＂这条核心信息的知晓率只有20.2%。结论被调查人员结核病核心信息知晓率较低,不同特征居民间知晓率有差别,应根据当地居民结核防治知识的知晓情况制定相关政策。
Objective To explore the awareness status of key messages on TB prevention and cure among the public people of Shannxi Province in 2006,and to provide the basis for developing TB health education and TB prevention efficiently in the future.Methods 8119 urban and rural residents were selected by systematic randomized sampling in 7 counties with unified questionnaire.The survey was conducted by face to face inquiry. Results The total awareness rate of key messages on TB prevention and cure among the respondents was 49.5 %,in which the rate of male was 52.0%,the rate of female was 47.0%.The total awareness rate of urban residents was 62.7%,the rate of rural residents was 47.5%.The total awareness rate of the people who had contacted with TB patients was 60.9%.The groups of aged 12-19,people with low educational level,students and farmers had lower awareness rate.Majority of them knew the infectivity and transmission route of TB,while less than or only half of them knew that＂There is professional hospital to examine and cure TB＂,＂TB patients should examine and cure TB in the professional hospital＂,＂There are national policies on examine and cure TB for free＂,＂TB patients should not be discriminated ＂.Especially,only 20.2% of them knew that ＂person who had the symptom of cough and sputum for over 3 weeks or had the symptom of emptysis and blood sputum should go to examine TB＂.Conclusion Local awareness status of TB prevention and cure among residents is low.There are differences among people with different feature.local policies should be established and communication activities should be carried out.
出处
《中国健康教育》
2010年第5期371-373,377,共4页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
关键词
结核
核心知识
调查
Tuberculosis
Key message
Survey
