摘要
目的了解全国流动人口结核病知识核心信息知晓情况,为有效地开展流动人口结核病防治健康教育提供方向和重点。方法采取5阶段分层系统随机抽样方法,在全国抽取19个省60个县/区共1598名城乡流动务工人员,使用统一设计的调查问卷对调查对象进行入户面对面询问式调查。结果调查对象的核心信息总知晓率为46.3%。12～19岁组、小学及以下文化程度知晓率较低。调查对象对肺结核病的传染性、传播途径和知晓率较高,而只有46.0%的调查对象知道当地有检查和治疗结核病的专门机构、52.7%的调查对象知道结核病可治愈、31.7%的调查对象知道国家有免费检查治疗政策,31.3%的调查对象知道不应该歧视结核病人,尤其是对"咳嗽3周以上或咯血、血痰症状者应怀疑得了肺结核病"这条信息的知晓率只有13.9%,只有43.9%的结核病人知道应到专门机构检查治疗结核病。结论应根据各地流动人口知晓结核病防治知识的情况制定相关政策,开展健康教育与健康促进活动并及时评估效果。
Objective To understand the awareness status of key messages on TB prevention and cure among the floating population, and to provide the basis for TB health education. Methods 1598 floating persons were selected by multi-stage systematic sampling from 60 counties of 19 provinces. With a unified questionnaire, the survey was conducted by face-to-face inquiry. Results The awareness rate of key messages on TB prevention and cure among the participants was 46. 30%. People with 12 - 19 years old or with low education level had lower awareness rates. The majority of the participants knew the infectivity and transmission routes of TB, But only 46% of them knew ＂there are professional hospitals to examine and cure TB＂, 52. 7% knew ＂TB can be cured ＂, 31.7% knew ＂there are national policies on free TB examination and cure＂, and 31.3% knew ＂TB patients should not be discriminated＂ . Especially, only 13.9% of the floating population knew ＂Person who has had the symptom of cough and sputum for 3 weeks or has the symptom of emptysis and blood sputum should go to receive TB examination＂ . 43. 9% of them knew ＂TB patients should examine and cure TB in the professional hospitals＂ . Conclusion According to the awareness status of TB prevention and cure among floating population, corresponding policies should be established, and comprehensive activities should be carried out and evaluated in time.
出处
《中国健康教育》
2009年第8期583-585,共3页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
基金
全球基金第四轮中国结核病项目(CHA-405-G40-T)
